Kupu Whakataki
I roto i te ao o te ahumahi hou, kua noho hei mea nui ngā rauemi rapa nā ō rātou āhuatanga tino pai pērā i te ngāwari, te ātete ki te kakahu, me te ātete matū. I roto i ēnei, ko te rapa fluorine (FKM) me te rapa perfluoroether (FFKM) e tū ana hei rapa mahi-teitei, e mōhiotia ana mō tō rātou ātete matū me te pāmahana teitei. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tātaritanga whānui ngā rerekētanga, ngā tono, ngā utu, ngā āhua me ngā āhuatanga o te FKM me te FFKM, me te whai kia whakaratohia he māramatanga whai hua mō ngā kaipupuri moni i roto i ngā ahumahi e pā ana.
Ngā Rerekētanga Taketake i waenga i te Rōpa Hauhā (FKM) me te Rōpa Perfluoroether (FFKM)
Hanganga Matū
Ko te rerekētanga matua i waenga i te FKM me te FFKM kei roto i ō rāua hanganga matū. Ko te FKM he pūmua kua whakakīia ki te hauhā me ngā here waro-waro (CC) i roto i tōna mekameka matua, ko te FFKM ia he pūmua kua whakakīia ki te hauhā me te hanganga waro-hāora-waro (COC), e honoa ana e ngā ngota hāora (O). Ko tēnei rerekētanga hanganga he pai ake te FFKM i te ātete matū me te pāmahana teitei ki te FKM.
Ātete Matū
Ko te mekameka matua o te FFKM, kāore he here waro-waro, ka nui ake te ātete ki ngā matū. E ai ki te pikitia e whakaaturia ana, ko te kaha here o ngā here waro-hauwai te mea iti rawa (tata ki te 335 kJ/mol), ka iti ake te whai huatanga o te FKM i roto i ngā waikura kaha me ngā whakarewa pōro ki te whakataurite ki te FFKM. He ātete te FFKM ki te nuinga o ngā matū e mōhiotia ana, tae atu ki ngā waikawa kaha, ngā kakano, ngā waikura waro, me ngā waikura.
Ātete Pāmahana-Tiketike
He tino pai hoki te ātete a te FFKM ki ngā pāmahana teitei. Ahakoa ko te pāmahana mahi tonu a te FKM kei waenganui i te 200-250°C, ka taea e te FFKM te tu atu ki ngā pāmahana tae atu ki te 260-300°C. Nā te pumau o te pāmahana teitei, he tino pai te FFKM mō ngā whakamahinga i roto i ngā taiao tino kino.
Ngā Āpure Tono
Rapa Hauhā (FKM)
E whakamahia whānuitia ana te FKM i roto i ngā mara maha nā tōna ātete matū pai me tōna ātete pāmahana teitei:
- Ahumahi Motuka: E whakamahia ana te FKM i roto i te hanga hiri, hiri hinu, mowhiti-O, me te maha atu, inā koa i roto i ngā miihini me ngā pūnaha tuku.
- Ahumahi Matū: Ka whakamahia te FKM mō ngā hiri i roto i ngā paipa, ngā takirere, ngā papu, me ētahi atu taputapu hei ārai i te turuturu o ngā pāpāho matū.
- Ahumahi Hikohiko: E whakamahia ana mō ngā paparanga whakamarumaru i roto i ngā waea me ngā taura, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana teitei me te waikura matū.
Rapa Perfluoroether (FFKM)
E whakamahia ana te FFKM i ngā mara e hiahia ana ki te ātete matū me te pāmahana teitei:
- Rererangi: E whakamahia ana te FFKM mō ngā hiri i roto i ngā waka rererangi me ngā waka mokowhiti hei tu atu i ngā pāmahana tino kino me ngā taiao matū.
- Ahumahi Ārahi-ārahi: E whakamahia ana mō ngā hiri i roto i ngā taputapu hanga ārahi-ārahi hei ārai i te turuturu hau matū.
- Ahumahi Matūriki: E whakamahia ana te FFKM mō ngā hiri i roto i ngā taputapu pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei i roto i ngā whare whakapai hinu me ngā tipu matū.
Utu me te Utu
Nā te nui o te utu whakaputa a te FFKM, he nui ake te utu mākete i tērā i te FKM. Nā te uaua o ngā rauemi mata me te tukanga whakaputa a te FFKM ka piki ake te utu. Heoi, i runga i te mahi pai a te FFKM i roto i ngā taiao tino kino, he tika te utu teitei ake i roto i ētahi whakamahinga.
Puka me te Tukatuka
Rapa Hauhā (FKM)
Ko te FKM he rapa totoka, he rapa whakakotahi, he wāhanga kua oti te hanga. Ko ōna tikanga tukatuka ko te whakakoi pēhi, te whakaputa, me te whakakoi werohanga. Me whai taputapu motuhake me ngā tawhā tukanga mō te FKM nā te mea he teitei te pāmahana tukatuka.
Rapa Perfluoroether (FFKM)
Ka tukuna hoki te FFKM i roto i te ahua o te rapa totoka, te rapa whakakotahi, ngā wāhanga kua oti te hanga. Nā te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, me nui ake ngā pāmahana tukatuka me ngā whakaritenga taputapu me ngā tukanga tino pakari.
Whakataurite Mahi
Ātete Matū
He pai ake te ātete matū o te FFKM i ngā FKM. He ātete te FFKM ki te nuinga o ngā matū e mōhiotia ana, tae atu ki ngā waikawa kaha, ngā kawakore, ngā whakarewa waro, me ngā waikura. Ahakoa he pai te ātete matū o te FKM, he iti ake tōna whai huatanga ki ētahi waikura kaha me ngā waikura pōro ki te whakataurite ki te FFKM.
Ātete Pāmahana-Tiketike
He pai ake te ātete pāmahana teitei o te FFKM i te FKM. Ko te pāmahana mahi tonu o te FKM he 200-250°C te nuinga, engari ka taea e te FFKM te eke ki te 260-300°C. Nā te pumau pāmahana teitei nei ka whānui ake te whakamahinga o te FFKM i ngā taiao tino kino.
Te Mahi Mīhini
He tino pai ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o te FKM me te FFKM, tae atu ki te ngāwari, te ātete ki te kakahu, me te ātete ki te haehae. Heoi, he pumau ake ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o te FFKM i ngā pāmahana teitei, ā, he pono ake i roto i ngā whakamahinga pāmahana teitei.
Ngā Tūmanako Mākete
I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau ahumahi, kei te piki haere te hiahia mō ngā rauemi rapa mahi-teitei. He whānui ngā tūmanakohanga tono mō te FKM me te FFKM i roto i ngā mara maha nā te mea he tino pai ā rāua mahi:
- Ahumahi Waka: Kei te piki ake te hiahia mō ngā hiri e ātete ana ki te pāmahana teitei me te waikura matū nā te whanaketanga o ngā waka pūngao hou, ā, kei te whakawhānui ake i te tono o te FKM me te FFKM.
- Ahumahi Matū: Ko te kanorau me te uaua o ngā hua matū kei te whakapiki ake i te hiahia mō ngā hiri ātete matū, ā, ka whānui ake te tono o te FKM me te FFKM.
- Ahumahi Hikohiko: Ko te whakaitiiti me te mahi teitei o ngā taputapu hiko kei te whakapiki ake i te hiahia mō ngā rauemi whakamarumaru e ātete ana ki ngā pāmahana teitei me te waikura matū, ā, ka whānui ake te tono o te FKM me te FFKM.
Whakamutunga
Ko te rapa fluorine (FKM) me te rapa perfluoroether (FFKM), hei tohu mō ngā rapa mahi-teitei, he whānui ngā tono mō ngā mara maha nā te mea he tino ātete ki ngā matū me te pāmahana teitei. Ahakoa he utu nui te FFKM, ko tōna mahi tino pai i roto i ngā taiao tino kino ka hoatu he painga nui ki a ia i roto i ētahi tono. I te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te hangarau ahumahi, ka piki haere tonu te hiahia mō ngā rauemi rapa mahi-teitei, ā, he whānui ngā tono mākete mō te FKM me te FFKM.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-24-2025