Hei "kanohi" mō ngā pūnaha āwhina taraiwa matatau (ADAS) me ngā papaaho taraiwa motuhake, he mea nui ngā waeine kāmera motuka mō te haumaru o te waka. Ko te pono o ēnei pūnaha tirohanga e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki tō rātou kaha ki te tu atu i ngā āhuatanga taiao kino. Ko ngā mowhiti hiri, hei wāhanga tiaki nui, he mea nui ki te whakarite i te mahi mā te whakarato ātete ki te puehu, te makuku, te wiri, me ngā pāmahana tino kino. Ko te whiriwhiri i te hiri tika he mea nui mō te pono mō te wā roa. E whakamārama ana tēnei aratohu i ngā whakatakotoranga matua—ngā rauemi, te rahi, me ngā paerewa mahi—hei whakamōhio i te tukanga whiriwhiri mō ngā otinga hiri kāmera motuka.
1. Ngā Whakatakotoranga Rauemi: Te Pūtake o te Mahi Hiri
Ko te whiriwhiri i te elastomer ka whakatau tika i te ātete o te hiri ki te pāmahana, ki ngā matū, me te koroheketanga. Ko ngā rauemi tino noa mō ngā hiri kāmera motuka ko:
- Rapa Nitrile (NBR): E mōhiotia ana mō tōna ātete pai ki ngā hinu me ngā wahie e ahu mai ana i te hinu, me te ātete pai ki te pakū. He kōwhiringa utu-pai te NBR mō ngā tono i roto i ngā wāhanga miihini, i ngā wāhi rānei e pāngia ana e te kohu hinu. Ko te pakeke noa kei waenga i te 60 ki te 90 Shore A.
- Rapa Hiraka (VMQ): He tino pai te awhe pāmahana mahi (tata ki te -60°C ki te +225°C) me te pupuri tonu i te ngāwari. Nā tōna ātete ki te ozone me te huarere, koinei te rauemi pai mō ngā hiri kāmera o waho e pāngia ana e te rā tika me ngā huringa pāmahana whānui.
- Fluoroelastomer (FKM): He ātete pai rawa atu ki ngā pāmahana teitei (tae atu ki te +200°C me runga ake), ngā wahie, ngā hinu, me te whānuitanga o ngā matū kaha. He maha ngā wā ka tohua te FKM mō ngā hiri e tata ana ki ngā wāhanga o te pūnaha hiko, i roto rānei i ngā taiao wera nui me te pānga matū pea o ngā kete pākahiko waka hiko (EV). Ko te pakeke noa kei waenga i te 70 me te 85 Shore A.
Tohutohu Kōwhiri: Ko te taiao whakahaere te kaupapa matua mō te kōwhiringa rauemi. Whakaarohia ngā whakaritenga pāmahana tonu me te pāmahana tihi, tae atu ki te pānga ki ngā wai, ki ngā kai horoi, ki ngā tote rori rānei.
2. Ngā Tawhā Ahu: Te Whakarite i te Taunga Tika
Ka whai hua anake te hiri mēnā ka uru pai ki te whare kāmera. Me tino ōrite ngā tawhā matua ki te hoahoa o te kōwae:
- Diameter o Roto (ID): Me tino ōrite ki te diameter o te oko arotahi, ki te diameter rānei o te awaawa whakairinga. He kikī ngā ātete, he maha ngā wā kei roto i te ±0.10 mm, hei ārai i ngā āputa ka pakaru pea te hiri.
- Wāhanga Whakawhiti (CS): Ka pā tika tēnei whānui o te taura o te hiri ki te kaha pēhi. Ko ngā wāhanga whakawhiti noa mai i te 1.0 mm ki te 3.0 mm mō ngā kāmera iti ake. Mā te CS tika ka tika te pēhitanga me te kore e nui rawa te taumahatanga ka arahi pea ki te pakaru wawe.
- Te Pehitanga: Me hoahoa te hiri kia pehia e te ōrau motuhake (te tikanga 15-30%) i roto i tōna repe. Mā tēnei pehitanga ka puta te pēhanga pa e tika ana mō te ārai whai hua. Ko te pehitanga iti ka arahi ki te turuturu, ko te pehitanga nui ka arahi ki te whakaputanga, te waku nui, me te tere o te koroheketanga.
Mō ngā āhuahanga whare kāore i te paerewa, kei te wātea ngā hiri kua hangaia kia rite ki te tauira me ngā hoahoa ngutu motuhake (hei tauira, he kapu-U, he āhua-D, he kōtaha matatini rānei). He mea nui te whakarato i ngā tuhi 2D tika, i ngā tauira CAD 3D rānei ki ngā kaiwhakarato mō ēnei tono.
3. Te Mahi me te Whakatutukitanga: Te Whakatutuki i ngā Paerewa Ahumahi Motuka
Me whakamātautau pakari ngā hiri o ngā waka kia mau ai te pono puta noa i te roanga o te oranga o te waka. Ko ngā paearu matua mō te mahi ko:
- Ātete Pāmahana: Me tu atu ngā hiri i te huringa wera roa (hei tauira, -40°C ki te +85°C, neke atu rānei mō ngā mahi i raro i te taupoki) mō ngā mano tini huringa, me te kore e ngatata, e whakapakeke, e whakarerekē rānei i te āhua tuturu.
- Te Parenga Whakauru (Whakatauranga IP): He mea nui ngā hiri hei whakatutuki i ngā whakatauranga IP6K7 (ārai puehu) me IP6K9K (horoi pēhanga teitei/mamao). Mō te rumaki, ko te IP67 (1 mita mō te 30 meneti) me te IP68 (rumi hohonu/roa) ngā whāinga noa, i manatokohia mā te whakamātautau pakari.
- Huinga Pakari me te Pēhanga: Whai muri i te pēhanga me te ahotea mō te wā roa (i whakatauirahia e ngā whakamātautau pēnei i te 1,000 hāora i te pāmahana teitei), me whakaatu te hiri i tētahi huinga pēhanga iti. Ko te tere whakaora o te >80% i muri i te whakamātautau e tohu ana ka mau tonu te kaha hiri o te rauemi i roto i te wā.
- Ātete Taiao: Ko te ātete ki te ozone (ASTM D1149), te hihi UV, me te haumākū te paerewa. Ka manatokohia hoki te hototahitanga ki ngā wai motuka (wai parai, wai whakamatao, me ētahi atu).
- Ngā Tohu Paetae mō ngā Waka: Ko ngā kaihanga e mahi ana i raro i te pūnaha whakahaere kounga IATF 16949 e whakaatu ana i te whakapau kaha ki ngā tukanga pakari e hiahiatia ana mō te mekameka tuku waka.
Whakamutunga: He Huarahi Pūnaha ki te Kōwhiri
He whakatau rautaki te whiriwhiri i te mowhiti hiri tino pai e whakataurite ana i ngā whakaritenga tono, ngā wero taiao, me te utu. I mua i te whakatau i tētahi kōwhiringa, me tautuhi mārama te awhe pāmahana mahi, ngā pānga matū, ngā here ā-wāhi, me ngā tiwhikete ahumahi e hiahiatia ana.
Ahakoa he wāhanga iti, he mea nui te mowhiti hiri ki te haumaru me te mahi a ngā pūnaha tirohanga motuka hou. Mā te huarahi whakarite ki ngā whakatakotoranga ka noho mārama, ka pono hoki ēnei "kanohi" o te waka, mai i te maero ki te maero. Ko te mahi tahi me tētahi kaiwhakarato whai tohu e whakarato ana i ngā raraunga hangarau pakari me te tautoko whakamana te mea nui ki te angitu o te putanga.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-25-2025