Monga "maso" a makina apamwamba othandizira oyendetsa (ADAS) ndi nsanja zoyendetsera zodziyimira pawokha, makamera a magalimoto ndi ofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo cha magalimoto. Kukhulupirika kwa makina awa owonera kumadalira kwambiri kuthekera kwawo kupirira nyengo zovuta zachilengedwe. Mphete zotsekera, monga zinthu zofunika kwambiri zotetezera, zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito akuyenda bwino popereka kukana fumbi, chinyezi, kugwedezeka, ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kusankha chisindikizo choyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti chikhale chodalirika kwa nthawi yayitali. Bukuli limafotokoza zofunikira zazikulu - zinthu, kukula, ndi miyezo yogwirira ntchito - kuti lidziwitse njira yosankhira mayankho otsekera makamera agalimoto.
1. Zofunikira pa Zinthu: Maziko a Kugwira Ntchito Yotseka
Kusankha elastomer kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kukana kwa chisindikizo ku kutentha, mankhwala, ndi ukalamba. Zipangizo zodziwika kwambiri zosindikizira makamera a magalimoto ndi izi:
- Nitrile Rabber (NBR): Yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kukana mafuta ndi mafuta ochokera ku mafuta, komanso kukana kukanda. NBR ndi njira yotsika mtengo yogwiritsira ntchito m'magawo a injini kapena m'malo omwe ali ndi utsi wa mafuta. Kulimba kwanthawi zonse kumakhala pakati pa 60 mpaka 90 Shore A.
- Mphira wa Silicone (VMQ):Imakhala ndi kutentha kwapadera (pafupifupi -60°C mpaka +225°C) pomwe imasunga kusinthasintha kwake. Kukana kwake ku ozone ndi nyengo kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chomwe chimakondedwa kwambiri ndi zisindikizo za kamera zakunja zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi dzuwa komanso kutentha komwe kumasinthasintha kwambiri.
- Fluoroelastomer (FKM):Imapereka kukana kwakukulu kutentha kwambiri (mpaka +200°C ndi kupitirira apo), mafuta, mafuta, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala amphamvu. FKM nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa zisindikizo pafupi ndi zida zamagetsi kapena m'malo otentha kwambiri komanso omwe angathe kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala amagetsi amagetsi (EV). Kulimba kofananako kuli pakati pa 70 ndi 85 Shore A.
Malangizo Osankha: Malo ogwirira ntchito ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisasankhidwe. Ganizirani za kutentha kosalekeza komanso kotentha kwambiri, komanso kukhudzana ndi madzi, zotsukira, kapena mchere wa m'misewu.
2. Magawo Ofanana: Kuonetsetsa Kuti Zikugwirizana Bwino
Chisindikizo chimagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati chikugwirizana bwino ndi chipinda cha kamera. Magawo ofunikira ayenera kufananizidwa bwino ndi kapangidwe ka gawoli:
- Mkati mwa Diameter (ID):Iyenera kufanana ndendende ndi mgolo wa lenzi kapena m'mimba mwake wa groove. Nthawi zambiri kulekerera kumakhala kolimba, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa ±0.10 mm, kuti tipewe mipata yomwe ingawononge chisindikizo.
- Kupingasa (CS): M'lifupi mwa chingwe chosindikizirachi mumakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu yokakamiza. Kupingasa kwa makamera ang'onoang'ono kumayambira pa 1.0 mm mpaka 3.0 mm. CS yoyenera imatsimikizira kukanikiza koyenera popanda kupangitsa kupsinjika kwambiri komwe kungayambitse kulephera msanga.
- Kukanikiza: Chisindikizocho chiyenera kupangidwa kuti chikanikizidwe ndi kuchuluka kwapadera (nthawi zambiri 15-30%) mkati mwa gland yake. Kukanikiza kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kukanikiza kofunikira kuti pakhale chotchinga chogwira ntchito. Kukanikiza pang'ono kumabweretsa kutuluka kwa madzi, pomwe kukanikiza kwambiri kungayambitse kutuluka, kukangana kwakukulu, komanso kukalamba msanga.
Pa ma geometries a nyumba zosakhazikika, pali zisindikizo zopangidwa mwamakonda zokhala ndi mapangidwe apadera a milomo (monga chikho cha U, mawonekedwe a D, kapena ma profiles ovuta). Kupatsa ogulitsa zojambula zolondola za 2D kapena mitundu ya 3D CAD ndikofunikira pa ntchito izi.
3. Kugwira Ntchito ndi Kutsatira Malamulo: Kukwaniritsa Miyezo ya Makampani a Magalimoto
Zisindikizo zamagalimoto ziyenera kuyesedwa mwamphamvu kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwa moyo wonse wagalimoto. Zizindikiro zazikulu zogwirira ntchito ndi izi:
- Kukana Kutentha: Zisindikizo ziyenera kupirira kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali (monga -40°C mpaka +85°C kapena kupitirira apo pakugwiritsa ntchito pansi pa hood) kwa maulendo masauzande ambiri popanda kusweka, kuuma, kapena kusintha kosatha.
- Chitetezo cha Kulowa (IP Rating): Zisindikizo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zikwaniritse IP6K7 (yosatseka fumbi) ndi IP6K9K (yoyeretsa ndi mpweya wambiri). Pakumira, IP67 (mita imodzi kwa mphindi 30) ndi IP68 (kumira mozama/kutali) ndi malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso okhwima.
- Kulimba ndi Kupsinjika: Pambuyo poyesedwa ndi kupsinjika kwa nthawi yayitali (komwe kumayesedwa ndi mayeso ngati maola 1,000 kutentha kwambiri), chisindikizocho chiyenera kukhala ndi kupsinjika kochepa. Kuchuluka kwa >80% pambuyo poyesedwa kumasonyeza kuti chipangizocho chidzasunga mphamvu yake yotseka pakapita nthawi.
- Kukana Kwachilengedwe: Kukana kwa ozone (ASTM D1149), kuwala kwa UV, ndi chinyezi ndizofala. Kugwirizana ndi madzi agalimoto (madzi a brake, choziziritsira, ndi zina zotero) kwatsimikiziridwanso.
- Ziyeneretso za Magalimoto: Opanga omwe amagwira ntchito motsatira dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka khalidwe la IATF 16949 amasonyeza kudzipereka ku njira zolimba zomwe zimafunikira pa unyolo wopereka magalimoto.
Mapeto: Njira Yosankhira Yoyenera
Kusankha mphete yoyenera yotsekera ndi chisankho chanzeru chomwe chimagwirizanitsa zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito, mavuto azachilengedwe, ndi mtengo. Musanamalize kusankha, fotokozani bwino kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe mankhwala amakhudzira, zoletsa za malo, ndi ziphaso zofunikira pamakampani.
Ngakhale kuti ndi gawo laling'ono, mphete yotsekera ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pa chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito a makina amakono owonera magalimoto. Njira yolunjika yofotokozera zinthu imatsimikizira kuti "maso" awa a galimoto amakhalabe omveka bwino komanso odalirika, mtunda uliwonse. Kugwirizana ndi wogulitsa woyenerera yemwe amapereka zambiri zaukadaulo komanso chithandizo chotsimikizira ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-25-2025