Kusankha Kofunika Kwambiri pa Kuchita kwa Solenoid Valve: Buku Lotsogolera Posankha Zipangizo Zotsekera​

Chiyambi​

Mu makina odzipangira okha a mafakitale, ma solenoid valves amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri powongolera kuyenda kwa madzi m'magwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambira pakupanga ndi kukonza mankhwala mpaka mphamvu ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo. Ngakhale kapangidwe ka ma valavu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa ma elekitiromagineti nthawi zambiri kumalandira chidwi chachikulu, kusankha zida zotsekera kumakhalabe chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Zisindikizo zimateteza kutuluka kwa madzi mkati ndi kunja, zimasunga kulimba kwa kuthamanga, komanso zimapewa kuwonongeka kuchokera ku media, kutentha, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Kusaganizira molakwika momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito kungayambitse kulephera msanga, zoopsa zachitetezo, komanso nthawi yotsika mtengo yosakonzekera. Nkhaniyi ikuwunika ma polima atatu otsekera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri—NBR, FKM, ndi EPDM—ndipo imapereka dongosolo lolinganiza zinthu zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito.

1. Udindo wa Zisindikizo mu Kudalirika kwa Valavu ya Solenoid

Zisindikizo mu ma valve a solenoid zimagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika:

Kuletsa Kutayikira: Mwa kupanga zotchinga zolimba pakati pa ziwalo zosuntha ndi matupi a ma valve, zotsekera zimaonetsetsa kuti palibe kutuluka kwa madzi mu ntchito zokhazikika komanso zosinthika.

Kukana Mankhwala: Ayenera kupirira kukhudzana ndi zinthu zoopsa, kuphatikizapo mafuta, ma acid, zosungunulira, kapena nthunzi, popanda kutupa, ming'alu, kapena kuwonongeka.

Kusintha kwa Kutentha: Zisindikizo zimasunga kusinthasintha kwa kutentha konse, kuyambira nyengo yozizira mpaka malo otentha kwambiri.

Kulimba kwa Makina: Amapirira kupsinjika mobwerezabwereza ndi kukangana chifukwa cha mphamvu ya ma valavu, zomwe zimaletsa kuwonongeka ndi kutuluka kwa magetsi pazaka mamiliyoni ambiri.

Kusankha zinthu molakwika kungayambitse kuuma kwa chisindikizo, kutuluka kwa chitoliro, kapena dzimbiri la mankhwala—zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa mavavu.

2. Zipangizo Zotsekera Makiyi: Katundu ndi Ntchito​

2.1 NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rabber)​

Mphamvu Zapakati: Kukana bwino mafuta, mafuta, ndi mafuta ochokera ku mchere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yotsika mtengo yogwiritsira ntchito makina a hydraulic ndi pneumatic. Imaperekanso kukana kwabwino kwa kukwawa komanso mphamvu yokoka.

Zoletsa: Zimakhala pachiwopsezo cha ozone, kukhudzana ndi UV, ndi zosungunulira zochokera ku ketone/ester; kutentha kwa ntchito kumakhala kochepa poyerekeza ndi ma polima apamwamba.

Kutentha kwapakati: -30°C mpaka +100°C (kwa kanthawi kochepa).

Zabwino Kwambiri: Makina oponderezedwa a mpweya, mizere yamafuta a injini, makina owongolera mafuta, ndi ma hydraulic a mafakitale ogwiritsa ntchito mafuta amchere.

2.2 FKM (Rabala ya Fluorocarbon)​

Mphamvu Zapakati: Kukana kutentha kwambiri, mankhwala, ndi okosijeni. Zisindikizo za FKM zimagwira ntchito bwino m'malo ovuta, kuphatikizapo ma acid, mafuta opangidwa, ndi ma hydrocarbon onunkhira.

Zoletsa: Mtengo wokwera; kusinthasintha kochepa pa kutentha kochepa; osagwirizana ndi ma ketone, ma esters, ndi ammonia.

Kutentha kwapakati: -20°C mpaka +200°C (nthawi yochepa imatha kufika 230°C).

Zabwino Kwambiri: Kukonza mankhwala, zida zamankhwala, nthunzi zotentha kwambiri, ndi makina opangira ma turbo a magalimoto.

2.3 EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)​

Mphamvu Zapakati: Imalimbana kwambiri ndi madzi otentha, nthunzi, ozone, ndi nyengo. Imalimbananso ndi madzi a phosphate ester (monga Skydrol) komanso ma acid/alkali osungunuka.

Zoletsa: Sizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafuta a mchere kapena mafuta; kukhudzana ndi mafuta kumayambitsa kutupa ndi kulephera mwachangu.

Kutentha kwapakati: -40°C mpaka +150°C (kwa kanthawi kochepa).

Zabwino Kwambiri: Makina oyeretsera madzi, malo ozizira, kukonza chakudya ndi zakumwa, ndi ma hydraulic oyendetsa ndege pogwiritsa ntchito ma phosphate esters.

3. Kusanthula Koyerekeza: Kusankha Zinthu Zoyenera​

Gome ili m'munsimu likufotokoza mwachidule makhalidwe ofunikira a ntchito:

4. Njira Yosankhira Yokonzedwa​

Gawo 1: Tanthauzirani Zamoyo Zamadzimadzi​

Madzi, nthunzi, kapena mowa: EPDM nthawi zambiri imakhala yabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa madzi.

Mafuta, mafuta, kapena ma hydrocarbon: NBR kapena FKM ndi oyenera, ndipo FKM imakonda kutentha kwambiri kapena madzi opangidwa.

Zida zotsutsana ndi mankhwala: Tsimikizirani kuti zikugwirizana pogwiritsa ntchito ma chart a kukana mankhwala; FKM nthawi zambiri imapereka kukana kwakukulu.

Gawo 2: Yesani Kutentha ndi Kupanikizika​

Malo otentha kwambiri​ (>150°C): FKM kapena ma polima apadera (monga FFKM) ndi ofunikira kuti apewe kukalamba msanga.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Cryogenic: Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi EPDM kapena PTFE zimasunga kusinthasintha kutentha pang'ono.

Kupanikizika Kwambiri: Onetsetsani kuti mphamvu ya makina ndi kapangidwe kake kotsutsana ndi kutulutsa zikugwirizana ndi kuthamanga kwa dongosolo.

Gawo 3: Unikani Zopinga za Moyo ndi Mtengo​

Machitidwe a nthawi yochepa, osafunikira kwenikweni: NBR imapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso ndalama zochepa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, yovuta, kapena yofunika kwambiri pa chitetezo: Gwiritsani ntchito ndalama mu FKM kuti muchepetse nthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kuti mukhale odalirika kwambiri.

5. Mavuto ndi Zotsatira Zofala​

Kugwiritsa ntchito NBR ndi nthunzi kapena ozone: Kumayambitsa kuuma, ming'alu, ndi kutuluka kwa madzi mkati mwa milungu ingapo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito EPDM m'mapaipi amafuta: Kumayambitsa kutupa kwachangu kwa chisindikizo, kugwidwa kwa ma valve, ndi kulephera kwa dongosolo.

Kusankha FKM ya mpweya wotentha pang'ono: Zingayambitse kusweka kwa mabala pansi pa -20°C popanda kutentha pang'ono.

6. Zochitika Zamtsogolo mu Ukadaulo wa Zisindikizo​

Zosakaniza Zapamwamba: Ma elastomer odzazidwa ndi PTFE amawonjezera kukana kwa mankhwala ndi kutentha pamene amachepetsa kukangana.

Zisindikizo Zanzeru: Masensa ophatikizidwa amawunika kuwonongeka, kuthamanga, ndi kutentha, zomwe zimathandiza kukonza zinthu molosera.

Zipangizo Zokhazikika: Ma polima opangidwa ndi bio ndi mankhwala obwezerezedwanso akuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osamalira zachilengedwe.

Mapeto​

Kusankha zinthu zotseka si njira imodzi yokha koma ndi njira yogwirizanitsa bwino zinthu ndi zofunikira pa ntchito. Ngakhale kuti NBR imachita bwino kwambiri m'makina opangidwa ndi mafuta, FKM imapirira mankhwala amphamvu komanso kutentha kwambiri, ndipo EPDM ndi yosiyana ndi ina iliyonse m'madzi ndi nthunzi. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku—ndi kugwiritsa ntchito deta yaukadaulo kuchokera kwa ogulitsa—kumatsimikizira kuti ma valavu amagwira ntchito bwino, kumachepetsa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kuchepetsa zoopsa zogwirira ntchito.

Nkhaniyi ndi yokhudza chidziwitso. Nthawi zonse fufuzani ma datasheet aukadaulo ndikuchita mayeso ogwirizana ndi mapulogalamu enaake.

Zolemba​

Ma Valves a Miller - Zisindikizo za Ma Valves a Solenoid (2023)

Baidu Baike – Zipangizo Zotsekera Ma Valavu a Solenoid (2025)

Netiweki ya Zipangizo Zamankhwala - Zipangizo Zotsekera Zotentha Kwambiri (2023)

Ybzhan – Kusankha Zinthu Zowononga Madzi (2022)

ROTEX – Magawo a Kutentha kwa Zisindikizo (2023)

FESTO - Njira Zosankhira Zinthu Zosindikizira (2022)