Guhitamo impeta ikwiye yo gufunga kuri module za kamera z'imodoka: Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bw'ibisobanuro

Nk' "amaso" ya sisitemu zigezweho zo gufasha abashoferi (ADAS) n'ibikoresho byo gutwara byigenga, module za kamera z'imodoka ni ingenzi cyane ku mutekano w'ibinyabiziga. Ubusugire bw'izi sisitemu zo kureba bushingiye cyane ku bushobozi bwazo bwo kwihanganira ibidukikije bikomeye. Impeta zo gufunga, nk'ibintu by'ingenzi birinda, bigira uruhare runini mu kwemeza imikorere myiza binyuze mu gutanga ubudahangarwa ku mukungugu, ubushuhe, kunyeganyega, n'ubushyuhe bukabije. Guhitamo agapfundikizo gakwiye ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo kibe cyizerwa igihe kirekire. Iyi nyandiko isobanura neza ibipimo by'ingenzi - ibikoresho, ingano, n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'imikorere - kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bwo guhitamo ibisubizo byo gufunga kamera z'imodoka.

1. Ibiranga ibikoresho: Ishingiro ry'imikorere yo gufunga

Guhitamo elastomer bigena neza uburyo seal idashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe, imiti, no gusaza. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu gufunga kamera z'imodoka birimo:

• Nitrile Rubber (NBR): Izwiho kurwanya amavuta n'ibicanwa bishingiye kuri peteroli, hamwe no kurwanya kwangirika neza. NBR ni amahitamo meza kandi ahendutse mu bikoresho bya moteri cyangwa ahantu hahurira n'ibihumyo by'amavuta. Ubukana busanzwe buri hagati ya 60 na 90 Shore A.
• Urusenda rwa Silicone (VMQ): Itanga ubushyuhe budasanzwe (hafi -60°C kugeza +225°C) mu gihe ikomeza koroha. Irwanya ozone n'ikirere bituma iba ibikoresho bikundwa cyane ku bikoresho byo hanze bya kamera bihura n'izuba ryinshi ndetse n'ubushyuhe buhindagurika cyane.
• Fluoroelastomer (FKM): Itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi (kugeza kuri +200°C no hejuru yayo), lisansi, peteroli, n'ibindi bintu byinshi bihumanya. FKM ikunze kugaragazwa ku byuma bifunga hafi y'ibice bya powertrain cyangwa mu bidukikije bishyuha cyane kandi bishobora kwangirika mu mapaki ya bateri z'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV). Ubukana busanzwe buri hagati ya 70 na 85 Shore A.

Inama yo guhitamo: Imiterere y'imikorere ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma ibikoresho bitoranywa. Tekereza ku bushyuhe buhoraho n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse no guhura n'amazi, ibintu bisukura, cyangwa imyunyu ngugu.

2. Ibipimo by'Ubunini: Kwemeza ko bihuye neza

Ifu ikora neza gusa iyo ijyanye neza n'aho kamera ikorera. Ibipimo by'ingenzi bigomba guhuzwa neza n'imiterere ya module:

• Imbere mu gipimo (ID): Igomba kuba ijyanye neza n'umurambararo w'ikirahuri cyangwa umurambararo w'umuyoboro wo gushyiramo. Ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu akenshi buba buto, akenshi buri hagati ya mm ± 0.10, kugira ngo hirindwe icyuho gishobora kwangiza umupfundikizo.
• Impande zombi (CS): Ubu bunini bw'umugozi w'icyuma bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mbaraga zo gukanda. Impande zombi zisanzwe zigizwe na mm 1.0 na mm 3.0 kuri kamera nto. Impande zombi zigomba gukanda neza zidatera stress nyinshi zishobora gutuma zidakora neza.
• Gukanda: Iki gipfundikizo kigomba kuba cyarakozwe kugira ngo gikandamizwe n'ijanisha runaka (ubusanzwe 15-30%) mu ngirangingo yayo. Uku gukandamizwa gutuma habaho igitutu gikenewe kugira ngo uruzitiro rube rwiza. Gukandamizwa gukabije bitera kuva amazi, mu gihe gukandamizwa gukabije bishobora gutera gusohoka, gukururana cyane, no gusaza vuba.

Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'amazu adafite ireme, hari utubati twabumbwe mu buryo bwihariye dufite imiterere yihariye y'iminwa (urugero, U-cup, D-shape, cyangwa imiterere igoye). Guha abatanga ibishushanyo nyabyo bya 2D cyangwa moderi za 3D CAD ni ingenzi kuri izi porogaramu.

3. Imikorere n'Iyubahirizwa ry'Amategeko: Gukurikiza Amahame Ngenderwaho mu Nganda z'Imodoka

Ibyuma by'imodoka bigomba gupimwa neza kugira ngo bigenzurwe neza mu gihe cyose imodoka izaba ikiriho. Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere birimo:

• Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe: Ibyuma bigomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi (urugero, -40°C kugeza +85°C cyangwa hejuru yayo mu gihe cyo gukoresha munsi y'agapfundikizo) mu gihe cy'ingendo ibihumbi n'ibihumbi nta gucika, gukomera, cyangwa guhinduka burundu.
• Kurinda Kwinjira (Isuzuma rya IP): Ifuru ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ugere ku bipimo bya IP6K7 (idafata ivumbi) na IP6K9K (isukura umuvuduko mwinshi/umwuka w'umwuka). Ku kwibira mu mazi, IP67 (metero 1 mu minota 30) na IP68 (kwibira mu mazi byimbitse/igihe kirekire) ni intego zisanzwe, zemezwa n'ibizamini bikomeye.
• Kuramba no Gukanda: Nyuma yo gukandamizwa igihe kirekire no gukandamizwa (bikozwe mu igeragezwa nk'amasaha 1.000 ku bushyuhe bwinshi), agapfundikizo kagomba kugaragaza agapfundikizo gato. Igipimo cyo kugarura ibintu kigera kuri >80% nyuma yo gupimwa kigaragaza ko ibikoresho bizagumana imbaraga zo gukandamizwa uko igihe kigenda gihita.
• Ubudahangarwa ku bidukikije: Ubudahangarwa ku budahangarwa bwa ozone (ASTM D1149), imirasire ya UV, n'ubushuhe ni ibisanzwe. Ikorana n'amazi y'imodoka (amazi ya feri, icyuma gikonjesha, nibindi) nabyo byemejwe.
• Ibisabwa ku modoka:  ...

Umwanzuro: Uburyo Buhamye bwo Guhitamo

Guhitamo impeta nziza yo gufunga ni icyemezo cy’ingenzi gihuza ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa, imbogamizi ku bidukikije, n’ikiguzi. Mbere yo kurangiza guhitamo, sobanura neza urwego rw’ubushyuhe mu mikorere, ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabutabire, imbogamizi z’ahantu, n’ibyemezo bisabwa mu nganda.

Nubwo ari igice gito, impeta yo gufunga ni ingenzi cyane mu mutekano no mu mikorere ya sisitemu zo kureba imodoka zigezweho. Uburyo bwo gukoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo kubisobanura butuma "amaso" y'ikinyabiziga aguma asobanutse kandi yizewe, ibirometero byinshi ku bindi. Gukorana n'umucuruzi wujuje ibisabwa utanga amakuru akomeye ya tekiniki n'ubufasha bwo kwemeza ni ingenzi kugira ngo umusaruro ugere ku musaruro mwiza.