Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), izwiho kuba ifite ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka mu binyabutabire, ihangana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi/buke, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gucika intege nke, yahawe izina rya "Plastic King" kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za shimi, imashini, n'iz'ikoranabuhanga. Ariko, PTFE y'umwimerere ifite ingorane nk'imbaraga nke za mashini, kwibasirwa n'ubukonje, ndetse no kudatwara neza ubushyuhe. Kugira ngo itsinde izi mbogamizi, hakozwe PTFE y'ibirahure ikoresheje fibre. Iyi mashini irushaho kunoza imikorere myinshi mu gihe igumana imiterere myiza ya PTFE, bitewe n'imbaraga z'imigozi y'ibirahure.
1. Kongera cyane imiterere y'imashini
Imiterere y’uruhererekane rw’ibinyabutabire bifite imiterere ingana cyane hamwe n’ubutare bwinshi bwa PTFE y’umwimerere bitera imbaraga nke hagati ya molekile, bigatera imbaraga nke za mekanike n’ubukomere. Ibi bituma ihinduka bitewe n’imbaraga nyinshi zo hanze, bigagabanya ikoreshwa ryayo mu bintu bisaba imbaraga nyinshi. Gushyiramo imigozi y’ibirahure bitera iterambere rikomeye ku miterere ya PTFE. Imigozi y’ibirahure irangwa n’imbaraga zayo nyinshi n’uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha. Iyo ikwirakwijwe kimwe muri matrix ya PTFE, yikorera neza imitwaro yo hanze, yongera imikorere rusange ya mekanike y’ibinyabutabire. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko iyo hongewemo ingano ikwiye ya fibre y’ibirahure, imbaraga zo gukurura za PTFE zishobora kwiyongeraho inshuro 1 kugeza kuri 2, kandi imbaraga zo gukurura zirushaho kuba nziza, ziyongeraho inshuro zigera kuri 2 kugeza kuri 3 ugereranije n’ibikoresho by’umwimerere. Ubukomere nabwo buriyongera cyane. Ibi bituma PTFE y’ibirahure ikomeza gukora neza mu bintu bigoye cyane mu nganda zikora imakanike n’indege, nko mu byuma bifunga n’ibice by’ibikoresho, bigagabanya neza gutsindwa guterwa n’imbaraga zidahagije z’ibikoresho.
2. Imikorere myiza y'ubushyuhe
Nubwo PTFE y’umwimerere ikora neza mu bushyuhe buri hejuru n’ubukonje, ikaba ishobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire hagati ya -196°C na 260°C, ubuziranenge bwayo mu bushyuhe buri hejuru ni bubi, aho ishobora kwangirika. Kongeramo imigozi y’ikirahure bigira ingaruka nziza kuri iki kibazo binyuze mu kongera ubushyuhe bw’ibikoresho (HDT) n’ubudahangarwa bw’ibipimo. Imigozi y’ikirahure ubwayo ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi n’ubudahangarwa. Mu bidukikije bikonje cyane, ibuza uruhererekane rwa molekile za PTFE kugenda, bityo ikagabanya kwaguka no guhinduka kw’ibikoresho. Iyo fibre y’ikirahure ifite ubushyuhe bwiza, ubushyuhe bwo kwangirika bw’imigozi y’ikirahure bushobora kwiyongeraho dogere selisiyusi zirenga 50. Igumana imiterere ihamye n’ubuziranenge bw’ibipimo mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu buryo busaba ubushyuhe bwinshi, nk’imiyoboro y’ubushyuhe bwinshi n’udupira two gufunga ubushyuhe bwinshi.
3. Kugabanuka k'ubukonje bukabije
Gutemba kw'ubukonje (cyangwa gucikagurika) ni ikibazo kigaragara kuri PTFE y'umwimerere. Bivuga ku guhinduka buhoro kwa pulasitiki bibaho munsi y'umutwaro uhoraho mu gihe runaka, ndetse no ku bushyuhe buke. Iki kimenyetso kigabanya ikoreshwa rya PTFE y'umwimerere mu bikorwa bisaba imiterere n'ubudahinduka mu gihe kirekire. Kwinjizwa kw'imigozi y'ikirahure bibuza neza PTFE gutemba kw'ubukonje. Imigozi ikora nk'agatsiko gashyigikira muri matrix ya PTFE, ikabuza imiyoboro ya molekile ya PTFE kunyerera no kongera gutunganya. Amakuru y'igerageza agaragaza ko umuvuduko w'ubukonje wa PTFE y'ikirahure igabanukaho 70% kugeza kuri 80% ugereranije na PTFE y'umwimerere, byongera cyane ubudahinduka bw'ibikoresho biri munsi y'umutwaro w'igihe kirekire. Ibi bituma ikoreshwa mu gukora ibice bya mekanike bifite imiterere myiza n'ibice by'imiterere.
4. Kurushaho kwangirika kw'imyenda
Ingano nto ya PTFE y’umukara ni imwe mu nyungu zayo, ariko inagira uruhare mu kudashira kwayo neza, bigatuma ibasha kwangirika no kwimuka mu gihe cyo gushwanyagurika. PTFE y’umukara yongera imbaraga zo gukomera no kudashira kw’ibikoresho binyuze mu mbaraga zo gushimangira imikara. Ubukana bwa fibre y’ikirahure buri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n’ubwa PTFE, bigatuma ibasha kwangirika neza mu gihe cyo gushwanyagurika. Ihindura kandi uburyo bwo gushwanyagurika no kwangirika kw’ibikoresho, ikagabanya kwangirika kw’imikara no kwangirika k’umukara kwa PTFE. Byongeye kandi, fibre y’ikirahure ishobora gukora uduce duto ku buso bwo gushwanyagurika, igatanga ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zo kurwanya gushwanyagurika no kugabanya ihindagurika ry’ingano yo gushwanyagurika. Mu mikoreshereze ifatika, iyo ikoreshejwe nk’ibikoresho byo gushwanyagurika nk’imigozi igenda ihindagurika n’impeta za piston, igihe cyo gukora cya fibre y’ikirahure cy’umukara cyongerwa cyane, gishobora kuba inshuro nyinshi cyangwa ndetse n’inshuro nyinshi ugereranije na PTFE y’umukara. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubushobozi bwo kwangirika kw'ibinyabutabire bya PTFE byuzuyemo fibre y'ikirahure bushobora kwiyongeraho hafi inshuro 500 ugereranije n'ibikoresho bya PTFE bitarashyirwamo, kandi agaciro ka PV kariyongeraho inshuro zigera ku 10.
5. Uburyo bwo kongerera imbaraga ubushyuhe
PTFE y'umukara ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe buke, butuma idatwara ubushyuhe kandi ikagira imbogamizi mu ikoreshwa ryayo bitewe n'uko ubushyuhe bwinshi bukwirakwira. Fibre y'ikirahure ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi kongeramo PTFE bishobora, ku rugero runaka, kongera ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho. Nubwo kongeramo fibre y'ikirahure bitiyongera cyane ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwa PTFE, bishobora gukora inzira zo gutwara ubushyuhe mu bikoresho, bikihutisha umuvuduko wo gutwara ubushyuhe. Ibi biha PTFE y'ikirahure ubushobozi bwo gukoresha neza mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'amashanyarazi, nko muri pads z'ubushyuhe n'udusanduku tw'amashanyarazi, bigafasha gukemura ibibazo byo gukusanya ubushyuhe bifitanye isano n'ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwa PTFE y'umukara. Uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bufasha kandi mu gukuraho ubushyuhe bukabije mu bikorwa nka bearings, bigatanga umusaruro mwiza.
Uburyo bwo Gukoresha: Iki gikoresho gihuriweho gikoreshwa cyane mu byuma bifunga by’inganda, ibyuma bifunga by’amashanyarazi biremereye, ibikoresho bya semiconductor, n’ibice bitandukanye by’imiterere bidashira mu nganda zikora imiti. Mu rwego rw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, gikoreshwa mu gukora gasket zikingira ubushyuhe ku bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, insulation ku mbaho zizunguruka, n’ibindi byuma bikingira ubushyuhe bitandukanye. Imikorere yacyo yagutse no mu rwego rw’indege kugira ngo habeho insulation y’ubushyuhe yoroshye.
Icyitonderwa ku mbogamizi: Nubwo fibre y'ikirahure yongera imiterere myinshi, ni ngombwa kumenya ko uko fibre y'ikirahure yiyongera, imbaraga zo gukurura, uburebure, n'ubukomere bw'ibice bishobora kugabanuka, kandi coefficient yo gukururana ishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro. Byongeye kandi, fibre y'ikirahure na PTFE composites ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa mu byuma bya alkaline. Kubwibyo, iyi formulaire, harimo ijanisha rya fibre y'ikirahure (ubusanzwe 15-25%) n'uburyo ishobora kuvangwa n'ibindi byuma byuzuza nka grafiti cyangwa MoS2, yagenewe kuzuza ibisabwa byihariye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-05-2025