Mu musaruro w’inganda no gukora amamodoka, tekinoroji yo gufunga ni ngombwa kugirango ibikorwa byizewe bikorwe. Vuba aha, kashe-ebyiri ihuza ibishushanyo mbonera bishya hamwe nibikorwa byiza byinjiye ku isoko, biha inganda igisubizo gishya cya kashe kandi gikurura abantu benshi. Muri icyo gihe, ishusho irambuye yerekana moteri n'ibiyigize byasangiwe henshi kumurongo, bikarushaho kunoza imyumvire yabantu kumiterere ya moteri no gukoresha ibice bifunga kashe.
1. Kugaragara kw'ibicuruzwa nibintu byiza
Ikirangantego-gihuza kashe igizwe nimpeta ebyiri zahujwe: uruhande rumwe ni impeta ya kare, mugihe urundi ruhande ari impeta nini ya elliptique ifite akadomo gato ku mpera. Igishushanyo ntigishobora kugera ku guhanga udushya gusa ahubwo inareba neza ibisabwa bikenewe mugushiraho nyabyo no gukoresha ibintu. Ikozwe muri reberi yujuje ubuziranenge kandi itunganywa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere. Ibikoresho bya reberi ubwabyo bifite ubuhanga bukomeye, birwanya kwambara, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa. Inzira y’ibirunga irusheho kunoza imiterere ya molekile, ikemeza ko igumana imiterere yumubiri itajegajega mu bushyuhe bwa dogere -40 ° C kugeza kuri 150 ° C no mu muvuduko ukabije, w’ibinyabuzima bigoye, bikumira neza gusaza, guhindagurika, n’ibindi bibazo, bigatuma imikorere ya kashe iramba.
2. Imikorere yibanze hamwe nibisabwa
(a) Imikorere idasanzwe yo gushiraho ikimenyetso
Mubikoresho byombi byubukanishi n’imodoka, kumeneka kwamazi nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe. Bitewe nuburyo budasanzwe hamwe nibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge bwa reberi, kashe ya kabiri ihuza irashobora kuzuza cyane icyuho gito kiri hagati yibigize, bigakora inzitizi yizewe. Kurugero, muri moteri yimodoka, igitereko cyumutwe wa silinderi kirakenewe hagati yumutwe wa silinderi hamwe na silinderi kugirango wirinde amavuta akonje na moteri. Igice cya mpeta ya kashe ya kashe-ihuza irashobora guhuza neza n’imiterere isa, irinda amavuta na coolant kumeneka no kuvanga, kwemeza imikorere ya moteri ihamye munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe no kunyeganyega, gukomeza amavuta meza ningaruka zo gukonjesha, no kongera ubuzima bwa moteri. Muri sisitemu ya hydraulic yibikoresho byubukanishi, igice cyimpeta ya elliptique gihuye neza nu gice gihuza ibice bya silindiri ya hydraulic na pompe, bikomeza gufunga munsi y’amavuta y’umuvuduko ukabije bitewe n’ubushobozi buhebuje bwo guhindura ibintu, bigatuma imikorere ya hydraulic ikora neza kandi ikazamura imikorere ya tekiniki kandi ikora neza.
(b) Imikorere yo guhuza no gukosora
Imiterere-impeta yuburyo bubiri-ihuza ikidodo itanga uburyo bwo gufunga no guhuza ibikorwa. Mu iteraniro ryibigize amamodoka, nkumuhuza hagati yo gufata ibintu byinshi hamwe na moteri ya moteri, kashe yashyizwe kumurongo, ntabwo itanga kashe gusa kugirango irinde kumeneka gusa ahubwo inongerera ubukana bwihuza binyuze mumiterere ya elastique nibintu biranga imiterere, bigabanya ibyago byo gutsindwa biterwa no kurekura. Muri sisitemu yo gutunganya inganda, yoroshya uburyo bwo guhuza imiyoboro, gusimbuza uburyo gakondo bwo guhuza imiyoboro ya bolt nimbuto, bigafasha gufunga imiyoboro yihuse no kuyikosora, kugabanya ingaruka ziva kumeneka, kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga no kugorana, no kunoza imikorere yubwikorezi bwibintu n'umutekano.
3. Ibyiza byingenzi byimikorere
(a) Guhindura Ubushyuhe Bwinshi
Ibikoresho byinganda nubukanishi bwimodoka bikunze guhura nubushyuhe bukabije. Ibikoresho bya reberi bifunga kashe-ebyiri byakozwe muburyo bwihariye kugirango bikomeze gukora neza no gufunga neza mubushyuhe bwa -40 ° C kugeza kuri 150 ° C. Mu gihe c'imbeho ikonje, irashobora kugarura vuba ubworoherane bwayo kugirango ishobore gusiga amavuta asanzwe ya moteri yimodoka, mugihe mubushuhe bwo hejuru, ntago yoroshye cyangwa ngo ihindure, ikomeza kurinda ibice byimbere hamwe namazi.
(b) Kwambara Kwambara Kwinshi no Kurwanya Gusaza
Kugenda kenshi kwibikoresho hamwe nigihe kirekire cyibinyabiziga bikora kashe kugirango bikomeze guterana no guhangayika. Ikirangantego-gihuza ikoresha ibikoresho byiza byo mu bwoko bwa reberi hamwe nubuvuzi bwihariye bwo kugabanya ubushyamirane, gutinda kwambara. Byongeye kandi, inyongeramusaruro zo kurwanya gusaza zongewe kuri kashe zirwanya neza ingaruka ziterwa nimirasire ya UV, ozone, nibindi bintu bidukikije. Ndetse na nyuma yigihe kirekire cyimikorere yimashini, igumana ubuhanga bukomeye no gufunga imikorere, kugabanya inshuro zo gufata neza ibikoresho no kuyisimbuza, kugabanya ibiciro byakazi, no kuzamura umusaruro.
(c) Kurwanya Imiti Yinshi
Mu nganda n’inganda zikoresha amamodoka, kashe ihura nibintu bitandukanye bivura imiti. Ibikoresho bya reberi bifunga kashe ya kabili yabugenewe kugirango irwanye neza amazi yimodoka, amavuta ya hydraulic yinganda, amavuta, nibindi bintu. Ntabwo ihinduka ryinshi ryumubiri cyangwa imiti nubwo nyuma yo kumara igihe kinini, irinda amazi gutemba no kwangirika kwibikoresho, bigatuma imikorere ihamye yibikoresho mubidukikije bigoye.
4. Umwanya n'imikorere ya Kabiri-Ihuza Ikidodo muri moteri
Uhereye ku ishusho, birashobora kugaragara ko kashe-ihuza kashe yashyizwe mbere na mbere hagati yo gufata ibintu byinshi hamwe na moteri ya moteri, ndetse no hagati ya silinderi n'umutwe wa silinderi. Muri utwo turere twinshi, kashe-ihuza-kashe ifite uruhare runini mugushiraho ikimenyetso. Igice cya mpeta ya kwadarato ihuye neza cyane nu guhuza umutwe wa silinderi na blok ya silinderi, birinda neza ko amavuta ya moteri yameneka hamwe na coolant ndetse no kwemeza ko amazi yo muri moteri agumana amavuta asanzwe hamwe nogukonjesha munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe no kunyeganyega. Igice cy'impeta ya elliptique gishyirwa hagati yo gufata ibintu byinshi hamwe no guhagarika silinderi, byemeza ko uburyo bwo gufata bwafashwe kugirango umwuka cyangwa imvange zivanze zishobora kwinjira muri buri silinderi imwe kandi neza, bityo bigatuma moteri yaka moteri kandi ikabyara ingufu. Iyi myiyerekano yimbitse ntabwo yemerera abantu benshi gusobanukirwa byimbitse kashe ihuza ibice bibiri ahubwo inatanga ibikoresho byingirakamaro kubanyamwuga binganda, biteza imbere guhana no guhanga udushya twikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-21-2025