Mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, buri ntambwe isaba ubushishozi n’isuku bidasanzwe. Ibikoresho byihariye bya semiconductor, nk'ibintu by'ingenzi bifasha mu mikorere ihamye y'ibikoresho bikorerwamo kandi bigakomeza gukora neza, bigira ingaruka ku musaruro n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bya semiconductor. Uyu munsi, turareba uburyo ibikoresho byihariye bya semiconductor nka fluororubber na perfluoroelastomer bigira uruhare runini mu nganda zikora semiconductor.
I. Ibisabwa bikomeye ku bijyanye n'inganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor
Ubusanzwe gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor bikorerwa mu byumba by'isuku, aho ibisabwa ku isuku y'ibidukikije biri hejuru cyane. Ndetse n'uduce duto tw'ibintu bihumanya bishobora gutera imiyoboro migufi y'amashanyarazi cyangwa izindi nenge z'imikorere. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gukora busaba gukoresha imiti itandukanye yangiza cyane, nka photoresists, etching solutions, n'amazi yo gusukura. Byongeye kandi, zimwe mu ntambwe z'imikorere zigira ihindagurika rikomeye ry'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Urugero, etching na ion implantation zitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mu bikoresho. Byongeye kandi, amazi ava mu byuma bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku ikorwa rya semiconductor. Ndetse n'ingano nto y'amazi ashobora kwanduza ibikoresho bya semiconductor cyangwa processes, bigahungabanya uburyo bwo gukora.
II. Inshingano z'ingenzi z'ibipfundikizo bya rubber byihariye
1. Kurinda Kwanduzwa n'uduce duto: Uduce twihariye twa peteroli dukingira neza ivumbi, imyanda, n'utundi duce duturuka hanze y'ikirere kwinjira mu bikoresho, bigatuma ibidukikije bisukura. Dufashe urugero rw'uduce twa perfluoroelastomer, ubuso bwatwo bworoshye burwanya kwinjiza uduce duto. Ubworoherane bwatwo bwiza butuma dushobora guhuza neza n'ibice by'ibikoresho, bigatuma habaho uruzitiro rwizewe rwo gufunga no kwemeza ko inzira yo gukora semiconductor idafite ubwandu bw'uduce duto.
2. Kurwanya ingese: Ibyuma nka fluorocarbon na perfluoroelastomer birwanya cyane ibinyabutabire bikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda za semiconductor. Ibyuma bya fluorocarbon birwanya aside na alkaline hamwe n'ibinyabutabire bisanzwe, mu gihe ibyuma bya perfluoroelastomer birwanya cyane ahantu hangiza cyane kandi hangiza. Urugero, mu buryo bwo gukata amazi, ibyuma bya perfluoroelastomer bishobora kwihanganira igihe kirekire hamwe n'ibinyabutabire bigabanya aside nta ngese, bigatuma ibikoresho bikomeza gufunga no kugumana imbaraga.
3. Kumenyera Ihindagurika ry'Ubushyuhe n'Umuvuduko: Ibikoresho bikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor bihura n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko kenshi mu gihe cyo gukora. Ibyuma byihariye bya rubber bisaba ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubuke, ndetse no gukomera no kudahungabana. Ibyuma bya fluororubber bigumana ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukomera no gufunga mu rugero runaka rw'ubushyuhe, bigahura n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe mu byiciro bitandukanye byo gutunganya. Ibyuma bya perfluoroelastomer, ku rundi ruhande, ntibihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi gusa ahubwo binarwanya gukomera cyangwa gucika intege mu bushyuhe buke, bigakomeza gukora neza kandi bikubahiriza imikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho mu bihe bitandukanye bigoye gukora.
4. Kugenzura Ingaruka z'Imvura: Kugenzura imvura ituruka ku byuma bipfundikiye ni ingenzi mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor. Ibikoresho byihariye bya rubber nka fluoroelastomer na perfluoroelastomer bikoresha uburyo bwo gukora ibintu n'uburyo bwo kubikora kugira ngo bigabanye ikoreshwa ry'ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye, bityo bigabanye amahirwe yo kugwa kw'imyanda nka molekile ntoya na iyoni z'icyuma mu gihe cyo gukora. Ibi bintu bigabanya imvura nke byemeza ko ibyo byuma bipfundikiye bitaba isoko y'ubwandu, bigatuma ibidukikije bisukuye cyane bikenewe mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor.
III. Ibisabwa mu mikorere n'ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo ibipfunyika byihariye bya Rubber
1. Imiterere ijyanye n'isuku: Ubukana bw'ubuso, guhinduka, no kurekura kw'uduce ni ibipimo by'ingenzi by'uduce duto. Uduce duto duto duto ntabwo dukunda kwibumbira mu duce duto, mu gihe guhinduka guke bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imyuka ihumanya ikirere iva mu duce duto duto. Mu guhitamo uduce duto, shyira imbere ibikoresho bifite uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura ikirere butanga imihindagurikire mike n'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Urugero, uduce duto twa perfluoroelastomer twavuwe na plasma dutanga ubuso bworoshye kandi bugabanya guhinduka neza. Nanone, zirikana imiterere y'isohoka ry'uduce duto kandi uhitemo ibicuruzwa byakorewe isuzuma rikomeye ryo kurekura kugira ngo urebe ko nta byuka byangiza bisohora mu nganda zikora semiconductor.
2. Guhuza imiti: Hitamo ibikoresho bikwiye bya rubber hashingiwe ku bintu byihariye bya shimi byagaragaye mu gihe cyo gukora semiconductor. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa fluoroelastomer na perfluoroelastomer bufite ubudahangarwa butandukanye ku miti itandukanye. Ku bikorwa birimo aside zikomeye zigabanya ogisijeni, hagomba gutoranywamo ibifunga bya perfluoroelastomer bigabanya ogisijeni. Ku bikorwa birimo ibiribwa rusange by’umwimerere, ibifunga bya fluoroelastomer bishobora kuba amahitamo meza kandi ahendutse.
3. Imiterere ifatika: Ibi birimo ubukana, uburyo bwo gukamura, n'uburyo bwo gukamura. Udupfundikizo dufite ubukana buringaniye twizeza ko dufunga neza ariko nanone tworohereza gushyirwaho no gukurwaho. Udupfundikizo dukonje n'uburyo bwo gukamura bigaragaza ubushobozi bwo gukamura mu gihe cy'ubukana bw'igihe kirekire. Mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi, udupfundikizo dufite uburyo bwo gukamura buhoro tugomba guhitamo kugira ngo dushyireho uburyo bwo gukamura mu gihe kirekire kandi buhamye.
IV. Isesengura ry'Urubanza mu Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa
Uruganda ruzwi cyane rukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor rwahuraga n’ingufu nyinshi no gusaza kw’ibikoresho bisanzwe bya semiconductor mu bikoresho byo gushushanya ku murongo warwo wo gukora ibyuma. Ibi byatumye habaho gucika kw’amazi imbere mu nzu, bigira ingaruka ku musaruro no kugabanya cyane umusaruro wa mashini bitewe n’ubwandu bw’udusimba. Byongeye kandi, ibyuma bisanzwe byasembuye imyanda myinshi mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi, byanduza ibikoresho bya semiconductor ndetse binatera imikorere idahwitse y’umusaruro. Nyuma yo kubisimbuza ibyuma bya perfluoroelastomer byakozwe n’ikigo cyacu, imikorere y’ibikoresho yarushijeho kuba myiza cyane. Nyuma y’umwaka wose wo kugenzura ibikorwa, ibyuma bya semiconductor nta kimenyetso cyabyo cya simbi cyangwa gusaza, bikomeza kugira isuku cyane imbere, kandi byongera umusaruro wa mashini kuva kuri 80% kugera hejuru ya 95%. Ibi byagezweho kubera ko ibyuma bya perfluoroelastomer bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya uburozi, imiterere mike y’imvura, n’imiterere myiza y’umubiri, bivamo inyungu zikomeye mu bukungu bw’ikigo.
Umwanzuro: Mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, ziharanira kugira isuku n'ubuziranenge bukabije, ibikoresho byihariye bya semiconductor bigira uruhare runini. Ibikoresho byihariye bya semiconductor nka fluoropolymer na perfluoroelastomer, hamwe n'imikorere yabyo myiza, harimo no kugenzura neza imvura, bitanga uburyo bwo gufunga ibikoresho byizewe bya semiconductor, bigafasha inganda gukomeza gutera imbere ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'ikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira 17-2025