Mu byumba byuzuyemo abantu benshi, hari impinduramatwara ituje irimo gukorwa. Gusesengura isesengura ry’imico y’abantu birimo guhindura mu buryo bwimbitse imikorere ya buri munsi y’akazi. Uko bagenzi batangira gusesengura "amagambo y’ibanga" y’imico y’abandi, ayo makimbirane magufi yahoze aterwa isoni—nk’akamenyero ka mugenzi A ko kubangamira abandi, gushaka gutungana kwa mugenzi B, cyangwa guceceka kwa mugenzi C mu nama—bihita bifata ibisobanuro bishya rwose. Ayo tandukaniro rito rireka kuba ibintu bibabaza abakozi gusa; ahubwo, ahinduka ibikoresho byo kwigiramo bifatika, bigatuma ubufatanye bw’ikipe burushaho kuba bwiza kandi bugashimisha mu buryo butunguranye.
I. Gufungura "Kode y'Ubumuntu": Gushyamirana biba Intangiriro yo Gusobanukirwa, Si Iherezo
- Kuva ku Kutumvikana kugeza ku Gusobanura: Sarah wo muri Marketing yahoraga yumva afite impungenge—ndetse anabyumva nk'ubudahuje—igihe Alex wo muri Tech yacecekaga mu biganiro by'umushinga. Nyuma y'uko itsinda ryize uburyo bwo gusesengura imico (nk'icyitegererezo cya DISC cyangwa ibintu by'ibanze bya MBTI), Sarah yabonye ko Alex ashobora kuba ari umuntu usanzwe witwa “Analytical” (High C cyangwa Introverted Thinker), ukeneye igihe gihagije cyo gutunganya imbere mbere yo gutanga ibitekerezo by'ingirakamaro. Mbere y'inama imwe, Sarah yoherereje Alex ingingo zo kuganira ku bushake. Byavuyemo iki? Alex ntiyitabiriye gusa ahubwo yatanze igitekerezo cy'uburyo bw'ingenzi umuyobozi w'umushinga yise “igihe cyo guhindura ibintu.” Sarah yagize ati: “Byumvikanye nko gushaka urufunguzo. Guceceka ntibikiri urukuta, ahubwo ni urugi rusaba kwihangana kugira ngo rufunguke.”
- Itumanaho Rihinduka: Mike, "uwatangije itsinda ry'abacuruzi" (High D), yateye imbere mu gufata ibyemezo byihuse no kugera ku ngingo. Ibi byakunze kurenza Lisa, umuyobozi ushinzwe abakiriya ufite uburyo bwo "guhagarara" (High S), wahaga agaciro ubwumvikane. Isesengura ry'imico ryagaragaje itandukaniro ryabo: intego ya Mike yo gushaka ibisubizo kandi Lisa yibandaga ku mibanire ntabwo yari iy'ukuri cyangwa iy'ikibi. Itsinda ryashyizeho "amakarita yo gukunda itumanaho" kugira ngo risobanure ahantu ho kwisanzura. Noneho, Mike arabaza ati: "Lisa, nzi ko uha agaciro ubwumvikane bw'itsinda; ubona iki ku ngaruka z'iki gitekerezo ku bunararibonye bw'umukiriya?" Lisa asubiza ati: "Mike, nkeneye igihe gihagije cyo gusuzuma ubushobozi; nzabona igisubizo gisobanutse neza saa cyenda z'umugoroba." Ubushyamirane bwaragabanutse cyane; imikorere yariyongereye cyane.
- Kubaka Icyerekezo cy'Imbaraga: Itsinda ry'abashushanya ryakunze kutumvikana hagati y'ubutandukanye mu guhanga udushya (urugero, imico y'abashushanya idafite ishingiro) n'uburyo buboneye busabwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa (urugero, imico y'abategura umushinga S/Sensing). Gushushanya imiterere y'itsinda byateje imbere imitekerereze yo "gushima imbaraga zuzuzanya". Umuyobozi w'umushinga yarekaga nkana ubwenge bw'ubuhanga buyobora ibyiciro byo gutekereza, mu gihe abanyamuryango barebaga ibintu birambuye bafataga inshingano mu gihe cyo gushyira mu bikorwa, bagahindura "ingingo zo gushwana" mo "ingingo zo guhererekanya" mu mikorere. Raporo ya Microsoft y'Imyifatire y'Umurimo ya 2023 igaragaza ko amakipe afite "impuhwe" zikomeye n' "ubumenyi bw'uburyo butandukanye bw'akazi" abona ko igipimo cy'intsinzi y'umushinga kiri hejuru ya 34%.
II. Guhindura "Imikoranire y'akazi" mo "Ishuri ryishimisha": Guhindura imashini ya buri munsi moteri yo gukura
Gushyira isesengura ry'imico mu kazi birenze raporo y'isuzuma rimwe gusa. Bisaba imyitozo ihoraho, ishingiye ku buryo busanzwe aho kwiga bibaho mu buryo busanzwe binyuze mu mibanire nyayo:
- Umukino wa “Kwitegereza Imiterere y’Umunsi”: Hari ikigo kimwe cy’ubuhanzi cyakira ikiganiro cya buri cyumweru, kidasobanutse neza cyitwa “Gusangira Imiterere y’Umwihariko.” Itegeko ni iryoroshye: gusangiza imyitwarire ya mugenzi wawe wabonye muri icyo cyumweru (urugero, uburyo umuntu yakemuye amakimbirane mu buryo bunoze cyangwa yayoboye inama neza) no gutanga ibisobanuro by’ubugwaneza bishingiye ku miterere. Urugero: “Nabonye ko David atatinye igihe umukiriya yahinduraga ibisabwa ku munota wa nyuma; yahise ashyiraho ibibazo by’ingenzi (isesengura rya kera rya High C!). Icyo ni ikintu nshobora kwigiraho!” Ibi byubaka gusobanukirwa no gushimangira imyitwarire myiza. Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Imirimo Wei Wang agira ati: “Iyi gahunda nziza ituma kwiga byoroha ariko byibukwa cyane.”
- Ingero z'"Guhinduranya Inshingano": Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma umushinga, amakipe yigana ibintu by'ingenzi bishingiye ku mico. Urugero, umuntu utanga amakuru mu buryo butaziguye akoresha imvugo ishyigikira cyane (High S), cyangwa umuntu wibanda ku mikorere agerageza gutekereza mu buryo butunguranye (kwigana High I). Itsinda ry'ikoranabuhanga i Tokyo ryasanze impungenge nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ku "mpinduka zitateganijwe" zagabanutseho 40%. "Gusobanukirwa impamvu" inyuma y'imyitwarire y'umuntu bihindura kwinubira ibintu bikaba amatsiko no kugerageza," nk'uko byatangajwe n'Umuyobozi w'Itsinda Kentaro Yamamoto.
- Ibikoresho bya "Ubufatanye mu Rurimi": Kora "Ubuyobozi bw'Imiterere-Myiza" bw'ikipe yihariye hamwe n'interuro n'inama zifatika. Ingero: "Iyo ukeneye icyemezo cyihuse kivuye kuri High D: Ibande ku mahitamo y'ingenzi n'igihe ntarengwa. Iyo wemeza amakuru ukoresheje High C: Bitegure amakuru. Gushaka ibitekerezo biturutse kuri High I: Teganya umwanya uhagije wo gutekereza. Guha agaciro High S: Tanga icyizere cyuzuye." Ikigo gishya cya Silicon Valley cyashyize iyi nyandiko mu rubuga rwabo rw'imbere; abakozi bashya batangira gukora mu cyumweru kimwe, bigabanya igihe cyo kwinjira mu ikipe ho 60%.
- Amahugurwa yo “Guhindura Amakimbirane”: Iyo habayeho amakimbirane make, ntabwo akiyirindwa ahubwo akoreshwa nk'inyigo y'ikizamini nyacyo. Itsinda rikoresheje umujyanama (cyangwa umwe mu bagize itsinda ryahuguwe), rikoresha imiterere y'imiterere kugira ngo risobanure ibi bikurikira: “Ni iki cyabaye?” (Ibivugwa), “Twabibona dute?” (Isesengura ry'imico), “Intego yacu rusange ni iyihe?”, na “Twahindura dute uburyo bwacu bushingiye ku buryo bwacu?” Isosiyete y’ubujyanama ya Shanghai ikoresha ubu buryo yagabanyijemo kabiri igihe mpuzandengo cy’inama za buri kwezi hagati y’amashami kandi yaboneyeho uburyo bwo kunyurwa cyane n’ibisubizo.
III. Gukorana neza no guhuza byimbitse: Itandukaniro ry'amarangamutima rirenze ubushobozi
Inyungu zo guhindura imikoranire mu kazi "ishuri rishimishije" zirenze kure inzira zoroshye:
- Inyungu zigaragara mu mikorere myiza: Igihe gito gitakaza ku bwumvikane buke, itumanaho ritagenda neza, no gutakaza amarangamutima. Abagize itsinda babona "ahantu heza" ho gukorana n'abantu batandukanye vuba. Ubushakashatsi bwa McKinsey bwerekana ko amakipe afite umutekano wo mu mutwe wo hejuru yongera umusaruro ku kigero kirenga 50%. Isesengura ry'imico ni ishingiro ry'ingenzi kuri uyu mutekano.
- Gutanga Udushya: Kumva ko abantu basobanukiwe kandi bemerwa biha imbaraga abanyamuryango (cyane cyane abantu badafite ububasha) zo gutanga ibitekerezo bitandukanye. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro bituma amakipe ashobora guhuza neza imico isa n'aho ivuguruzanya—ibitekerezo bikomeye hamwe n'isuzuma rikomeye, igerageza rikomeye hamwe no gushyira mu bikorwa mu buryo buhoraho—bigateza imbere udushya twiza. “Umuco wo guhanga udushya” wa 3M uzwi cyane ushimangira cyane imitekerereze itandukanye n'uburyo bwo kugaragaza ibitekerezo mu buryo bwizewe.
- Gushimangira icyizere no kuba umwe mu bagize itsinda: Kumenya "ubwenge" buri inyuma y'imyitwarire ya bagenzi bawe bigabanya cyane kwishinjanya. Kumenya "gutinda" kwa Lisa nk'ubuhanga busesuye, "guceceka" kwa Alex nk'ibitekerezo byimbitse, na "kuvugisha ukuri" kwa Mike nk'ubuhanga bwo gushaka umusaruro byubaka icyizere gikomeye. Uku "gusobanukirwa" bitera umutekano ukomeye mu mutwe no kuba umwe mu bagize itsinda. Umushinga Aristote wa Google wagaragaje ko umutekano mu mutwe ari wo muco ukomeye mu makipe akora neza.
- Guteza imbere Ubuyobozi: Abayobozi bakoresha isesengura ry’imico bagera ku “buyobozi bwite” nyakuri: Gushyiraho intego zisobanutse ku bashaka ibibazo (High D), gushyiraho ibidukikije bishyigikira abakunda ubwumvikane (High S), gutanga urubuga rw’impano zo guhanga (High I), no gutanga amakuru ahagije ku bahanga mu isesengura (High C). Ubuyobozi buva ku kuba bumwe bugera ku bubasha bukwiye bose. Umuyobozi mukuru w’icyamamare Jack Welch yashimangiye ati: “Akazi ka mbere k’umuyobozi ni ukumva abantu be no kubafasha gutsinda.”
IV. Ubuyobozi bwawe bw'ingirakamaro: Gutangiza "Gushakisha Imiterere y'Umuntu" mu kazi kawe
Ni gute wakwigisha iki gitekerezo itsinda ryawe neza? Intambwe z'ingenzi zirimo:
- Hitamo Igikoresho Gikwiye: Tangira n'ingero zisanzwe (DISC ku miterere y'imyitwarire, MBTI ku byo umuntu akunda mu mitekerereze) cyangwa imiterere igezweho yoroshye. Icyibandwaho ni ugusobanukirwa itandukaniro, ntabwo ari ugushyiraho amazina.
- Shyiraho Intego Zisobanutse & Ukomeze Umutekano: Shimangira ko igikoresho ari icyo "kongera ubwumvikane n'ubufatanye," atari ugucira imanza cyangwa guterana amakofe. Menya neza ko uruhare rw'ubushake n'umutekano wo mu mutwe ari ubushake.
- Gufasha mu by'umwuga no gukomeza kwigira: Mu ntangiriro, shaka umujyanama w'umuhanga. Nyuma, banza ushyireho "Abahagarariye ubufatanye mu mibanire y'abantu" kugira ngo bahabwe imigabane isanzwe.
- Ibande ku myitwarire n'ibintu nyabyo: Buri gihe huza inyigisho n'ibintu bifatika mu kazi (itumanaho, gufata ibyemezo, amakimbirane, guhana abandi inshingano). Tera inkunga yo gusangira ingero zifatika n'inama zishobora gukurikizwa.
- Gushishikariza abantu gukora no gutanga ibitekerezo: Gushishikariza abantu gushyira mu bikorwa ubumenyi mu mikoranire ya buri munsi. Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo kugira ngo binoze uburyo bwo gukora. Amakuru ya LinkedIn agaragaza ko amasomo ya “Ubuhanga mu Gukorana n’Itsinda” yiyongereyeho 200% mu myaka ibiri ishize.
Uko ubuhanga bwa AI buhinduka, ubuhanga bwihariye bwa muntu - kumva, kwishyira mu mwanya w'abandi, no gukorana - burimo guhinduka ubushobozi bw'ibanze budasimburwa. Guhuza isesengura ry'imico mu mibanire ya buri munsi ni igisubizo cyihutirwa kuri iyi mpinduka. Iyo guceceka gato mu nama bidatera impungenge ahubwo bitera kumenya ibitekerezo byimbitse; iyo "gushishikarira" kwa mugenzi wawe mu bintu birambuye bitabonwa nk'ibintu bitagira umumaro ahubwo nk'uburyo bwo kurinda ireme; iyo ibitekerezo bidasobanutse bigabanya imbaraga kandi bigaca intege imipaka cyane - aho bakorera harenga umwanya w'ubucuruzi. Bihinduka ishuri rikomeye ry'ubwumvikane n'iterambere ry'abandi.
Uru rugendo, rutangirana no "gusesengura hagati y'abandi," amaherezo ruhuza ubufatanye bukomeye kandi bushyushye. Ruhindura ahantu hose hashyamiranye mo intambwe yo gutera imbere kandi rushyira mu bikorwa buri mubano n'ubushobozi bwo gukura. Iyo abagize itsinda badakorana gusa ahubwo bakumvikana by'ukuri, akazi karenze urutonde rw'imirimo. Ruba urugendo rukomeza rwo kwigira hamwe no gutera imbere. Iyi ishobora kuba ingamba nziza zo kubaho mu kazi ka none: gukosora ibisanzwe mu bidasanzwe binyuze mu mbaraga z'ubumenyi bwimbitse. #Ingufu zo mu kazi #Imiterere yo mu kazi #Ubufatanye mu ikipe #Imitekerereze yo mu iterambere #Umuco wo mu kazi #Iterambere ry'ubuyobozi #Ubwenge bw'amarangamutima #Ejo hazaza h'akazi #Amakuru ya Google
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2025