Njengamehlo eenkqubo zoncedo lomqhubi eziphambili (i-ADAS) kunye namaqonga okuqhuba azimeleyo, iimodyuli zekhamera zeemoto zibalulekile kukhuseleko lwezithuthi. Ukuthembeka kwezi nkqubo zokubona kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubuchule bazo bokumelana neemeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo. Iindandatho zokutywina, njengezinto ezibalulekileyo zokukhusela, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokubonelela ngokumelana nothuli, ukufuma, ukungcangcazela, kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Ukukhetha isitywina esifanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthembekeni kwexesha elide. Esi sikhokelo sichaza iinkcukacha eziphambili—izinto, ubungakanani, kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza—ukwazisa inkqubo yokukhetha izisombululo zokutywina iikhamera zeemoto.
1. Iinkcukacha zezinto: Isiseko sokuSebenza kokutywina
Ukukhethwa kwe-elastomer kumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukumelana kwesitywini nobushushu, iikhemikhali kunye nokwaluphala. Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwizitywini zekhamera yeemoto ziquka:
- Irabha yeNitrile (NBR): Yaziwa ngokuxhathisa kakuhle iioyile kunye namafutha asekelwe kwi-petroleum, kunye nokuxhathisa kakuhle ukurhawuzelelwa. I-NBR lukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwiindlela zokusebenza ngaphakathi kweendawo zenjini okanye kwiindawo ezivezwe kwi-oyile. Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo buqala kwi-60 ukuya kwi-90 Shore A.
- Irabha yeSilicone (VMQ): Inika uludwe olubalaseleyo lobushushu bokusebenza (malunga ne -60°C ukuya ku +225°C) ngelixa igcina ukuguquguquka. Ukumelana kwayo ne-ozone kunye nemozulu kwenza ukuba ibe yeyona nto ikhethwayo kwiiseyile zekhamera zangaphandle ezivezwe elangeni ngqo kunye nokutshintshatshintsha kobushushu obujikeleze umhlaba.
- I-Fluoroelastomer (FKM): Inika ukumelana okuphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-+200°C nangaphezulu), amafutha, iioyile, kunye neekhemikhali ezininzi ezirhabaxa. I-FKM idla ngokuchazwa kwizitywini ezikufutshane nezixhobo ze-powertrain okanye kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuchaphazeleka kweekhemikhali kwiibhetri zezithuthi zombane (EV). Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo buphakathi kwe-70 kunye ne-85 Shore A.
Icebiso Lokukhetha: Indawo yokusebenza yeyona nto iphambili ekukhetheni izinto. Cinga ngeemfuneko zobushushu obuqhubekayo nobuphezulu, kunye nokuvezwa kulwelo, izinto zokucoca, okanye iityuwa zendlela.
2. Iiparameters zoBume: Ukuqinisekisa ukulingana okuchanekileyo
Itywina lisebenza kuphela ukuba lihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nekhamera. Iiparameter eziphambili zobukhulu kufuneka zihambelane kakuhle noyilo lwemodyuli:
- I-Inside Diameter (ID): Kufuneka ihambelane ngokuchanekileyo nomgqomo welensi okanye ububanzi bomngxuma ofakelwayo. Ukunyamezelana kudla ngokuba nzima, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-±0.10 mm, ukuthintela izikhewu ezinokubangela umonakalo kwisitywini.
- I-Cross-Section (CS): Le dayamitha yentambo yesitywini ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla oxinzelelo. I-cross-sections eziqhelekileyo ziqala kwi-1.0 mm ukuya kwi-3.0 mm kwiikhamera ezincinci. I-CS echanekileyo iqinisekisa ucinezelo olufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokubangela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo olunokukhokelela ekusileleni kwangethuba.
- Ukucinezelwa: Isiciko kufuneka senzelwe ukuba sicinezelwe yipesenti ethile (ngesiqhelo yi-15-30%) ngaphakathi kwi-gland yaso. Olu cinezelo ludala uxinzelelo olufunekayo loqhagamshelwano ukuze kubekho umqobo osebenzayo. Ukucinezelwa okungaphantsi kwe-gland kukhokelela ekuvuzeni, ngelixa ukucinezelwa okugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukuphuma kwe-gland, ukungqubana okukhulu, kunye nokwaluphala ngokukhawuleza.
Kwimijiyometri yezindlu ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni, izitywini ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezineemilo ezithile zemilebe (umz., indebe ye-U, imilo ye-D, okanye iiprofayili ezintsonkothileyo) ziyafumaneka. Ukubonelela ababoneleli ngemizobo echanekileyo ye-2D okanye iimodeli ze-3D CAD kubalulekile kwezi zicelo.
3. Ukusebenza kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho: Ukuhlangabezana neMigangatho yoShishino lweeMoto
Izitywini zeemoto kufuneka zivavanywe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwazo zonke iimoto. Iimpawu eziphambili zokusebenza ziquka:
- Ukumelana nobushushu: Izitywini kufuneka zinyamezele ukujikeleza kobushushu okude (umz., -40°C ukuya ku-+85°C nangaphezulu kwizicelo ezingaphantsi kwe-hood) kangangeenkulungwane zemijikelo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka, ukuqina, okanye ukuguquka okungapheliyo.
- Ukhuseleko Lokungena (IP Rating): Izivali zibalulekile ekufezekiseni ukulinganiswa kwe-IP6K7 (uthuli olungenalo) kunye ne-IP6K9K (ukucoca ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu/ngomphunga). Kwi-submersion, i-IP67 (imitha e-1 imizuzu engama-30) kunye ne-IP68 (ukuntywiliselwa nzulu/ixesha elide) ziinjongo eziqhelekileyo, eziqinisekiswa ngovavanyo oluqatha.
- Iseti Yokuqina Nokucinezelwa: Emva kokuba icinezelwe ixesha elide kwaye ixinezelekile (eyenziwa luvavanyo olufana neeyure ezili-1,000 kubushushu obuphezulu), isitywino kufuneka sibonise iseti yoxinzelelo ephantsi. Izinga lokubuyisela elingaphezulu kwama-80% emva kovavanyo libonisa ukuba izinto ziya kugcina amandla azo okutywina ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ukumelana nokusingqongileyo: Ukumelana ne-ozone (ASTM D1149), imitha ye-UV, kunye nokufuma kuqhelekile. Ukuhambelana nolwelo lweemoto (ulwelo lweebhuleki, isibandisi, njl.njl.) nako kuyaqinisekiswa.
- IiMfanelo zeeMoto: Abavelisi abasebenza phantsi kwenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho ye-IATF 16949 babonisa ukuzibophelela kwiinkqubo ezingqongqo ezifunekayo kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngeemoto.
Isiphelo: Indlela eCwangcisiweyo yoKhetho
Ukukhetha iringi yokutywina efanelekileyo sisigqibo esicwangcisiweyo esilinganisa iimfuno zesicelo, imingeni yokusingqongileyo, kunye neendleko. Ngaphambi kokuba ugqibezele ukhetho, chaza ngokucacileyo uluhlu lobushushu bokusebenza, ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali, imida yendawo, kunye neziqinisekiso ezifunekayo kushishino.
Nangona iyinxalenye encinci, iringi yokutywina inegalelo eliphambili kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo zokubona iimoto zanamhlanje. Indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokujonga iinkcukacha iqinisekisa ukuba la "mehlo" esithuthi ahlala ecacile kwaye ethembekile, imayile emva kwenye. Ukusebenzisana nomthengisi ofanelekileyo obonelela ngedatha yobugcisa eqinileyo kunye nenkxaso yokuqinisekisa kubalulekile kwisiphumo esiphumelelayo.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-25-2025