Intshayelelo
Kwishishini lanamhlanje, izixhobo zerabha ziye zaba yimfuneko ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezikhethekileyo ezinje ngokuqina, ukumelana nokunxiba, kunye nokunganyangeki kwemichiza. Phakathi kwezi, i-rubber ye-fluorine (i-FKM) kunye ne-rubber ye-perfluoroether (i-FFKM) ivelele njengeerubha ezisebenza kakhulu, ezidume ngeekhemikhali eziphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Olu hlahlelo lubanzi lujonge kumahluko, izicelo, iindleko, iifomu, kunye neempawu ze-FKM kunye neFFKM, ejolise ekuboneleleni ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo kwabo bachaphazelekayo kumashishini anxulumeneyo.
Umahluko osisiseko phakathi kweFluorine Rubber (FKM) kunye nePerfluoroether Rubber (FFKM)
Ulwakhiwo lweMichiza
Owona mahluko uphambili phakathi kwe-FKM kunye ne-FFKM ilele kulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali. I-FKM yipolymer engagqibelelanga ene-carbon-carbon bond (CC) kwikhonkco layo eliphambili, ngelixa i-FFKM iyipolymer e-fluorinated ngokupheleleyo ene-carbon-oxygen-carbon (COC) structure, edityaniswe zii-athom ze-oksijini (O). Lo mahluko wolwakhiwo赋予FFKM ikhemikhali ephezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neFKM.
Ukumelana nemichiza
Ikhonkco eliphambili le-FFKM, elingenazo iibhondi ze-carbon-carbon, inikezela ukuchasana okuphuculweyo kwimidiya yekhemikhali. Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ohamba nawo, amandla ebhondi yebhondi ye-carbon-hydrogen iyona ephantsi (malunga ne-335 kJ / mol), enokwenza i-FKM ingasebenzi kakuhle kwii-oxidants ezinamandla kunye ne-polar solvents xa kuthelekiswa ne-FFKM. I-FFKM iyaxhathisa phantse yonke imithombo yeendaba yekhemikhali eyaziwayo, kubandakanywa iiasidi ezomeleleyo, iziseko, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo, kunye ne-oxidants.
Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu
I-FFKM iphinda iphumelele ekuchaseni ubushushu obuphezulu. Ngelixa ubushushu bokusebenza obuqhubekayo be-FKM buqhelekile ukusuka kwi-200-250°C, i-FFKM inokumelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kuma-260-300°C. Oku kuzinza kobushushu obuphezulu kwenza i-FFKM ifaneleke ngokukodwa kwizicelo kwiindawo ezingqongileyo ezigqithisileyo.
Iinkalo zeSicelo
Irabha yeFluorine (FKM)
I-FKM isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yokumelana kwayo neekhemikhali okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphakathi:
- Umzi-mveliso weemoto: I-FKM iqeshwe ekwenzeni amatywina, amatywina e-oyile, amakhonkco e-O, nokunye, ngakumbi kwiinjini nakwiinkqubo zothumelo.
- Ishishini lemichiza: I-FKM isetyenziselwa amatywina kwimibhobho, iivalvu, iimpompo, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuthintela ukuvuza kwemithombo yeendaba ngemichiza.
- Ishishini le-Electronics: Isetyenziselwa ukugquma iileya kwiingcingo kunye neentambo, ngakumbi kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye neekhemikhali ezonakalisayo.
Irabha yePerfluoroether (FFKM)
I-FFKM iqeshwe kwiinkalo ezifuna ukuchasana kweekhemikhali kunye nobushushu obuphezulu:
- I-Aerospace: I-FFKM isetyenziselwa amatywina kwinqwelomoya nakwiziphekepheke ukuze zinyamezele amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo kunye nemekobume yeekhemikhali.
- Ishishini leSemiconductor: Isetyenziselwa ukutywina kwisixhobo sokwenza i-semiconductor ukuthintela ukuvuza kwegesi yemichiza.
- Ishishini lePetrochemical: I-FFKM isetyenziselwa amatywina kubushushu obuphezulu kunye nezixhobo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwiindawo zokucokisa ioyile kunye nezityalo zekhemikhali.
Ixabiso kunye nexabiso
Ixabiso eliphezulu lemveliso yeFFKM likhokelela kwixabiso eliphezulu kakhulu lemarike xa lithelekiswa neFKM. Ukuntsokotha kwemathiriyeli ekrwada yeFFKM kunye nenkqubo yemveliso kuqhuba iindleko zayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kweFFKM kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, ixabiso layo eliphezulu liyathetheleleka kwizicelo ezithile.
Ifomu kunye noLungiselelo
Irabha yeFluorine (FKM)
I-FKM ihlala ibonelelwa njengerabha eqinileyo, irabha edityanisiweyo, okanye iindawo ezenziwe kwangaphambili. Iindlela zayo zokucutshungulwa zibandakanya ukunyanzeliswa kokubumba, i-extrusion, kunye nokubumba inaliti. I-FKM ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye neeparamitha zenkqubo ngenxa yobushushu bayo obuphezulu.
Irabha yePerfluoroether (FFKM)
I-FFKM ikwabonelelwa ngohlobo lwerabha eqinileyo, irabha ekhompawundiweyo, okanye iindawo ezenziwe ngaphambili. Ukuxhathisa kwayo kubushushu obuphezulu kufuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nezixhobo ezingqongqo kunye neemfuno zenkqubo.
Uthelekiso lweNtsebenzo
Ukumelana nemichiza
Ukuxhathisa kweekhemikhali kweFFKM kubhetele kakhulu kuneFKM's. I-FFKM iyaxhathisa phantse yonke imithombo yeendaba yekhemikhali eyaziwayo, kubandakanywa iiasidi ezomeleleyo, iziseko, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo, kunye ne-oxidants. Nangona i-FKM ikwabonelela ngokumelana neekhemikhali ezilungileyo, ayisebenzi kangako kwezinye ii-oxidants ezomeleleyo kunye nezinyibilikisi zepolar xa kuthelekiswa ne-FFKM.
Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu
I-FFKM yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu iphezulu kune-FKM's. Ubushushu bokusebenza obuqhubekayo be-FKM ngokuqhelekileyo bungama-200-250°C, ngelixa i-FFKM inokufikelela kuma-260-300°C. Oku kuzinza kobushushu obuphezulu kwenza ukuba i-FFKM isebenze ngokubanzi kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
Ukusebenza koomatshini
Zombini i-FKM kunye ne-FFKM zineempawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini, kubandakanya ukuqina okuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, kunye nokumelana nokukrazula. Nangona kunjalo, iipropathi zomatshini zeFFKM zizinzile ngakumbi kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, okwenza ukuba ithembeke ngakumbi kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu.
Amathemba eMarike
Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yobugcisa bemizi-mveliso, imfuno yezinto zerabha ezisebenza kakhulu iyanda. I-FKM kunye ne-FFKM zinethemba elibanzi lokusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo:
- Ishishini leeMoto: Uphuhliso lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha lunyusa imfuno yokuxhathisa kubushushu obuphezulu kunye namatywina anganyangekiyo kwikhemikhali, ekwandisa ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwe-FKM kunye neFFKM.
- Ishishini lemichiza: Ukwahluka kunye nokuntsonkotha kweemveliso zemichiza kwandisa imfuno yetywina elixhathisayo kwikhemikhali, ukwandisa ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwe-FKM kunye ne-FFKM.
- Ishishini le-Electronics: I-miniaturization kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwezixhobo zombane kwandisa imfuno yezinto ezigqumayo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokubola kweekhemikhali, ukwandisa ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwe-FKM kunye ne-FFKM.
Ukuqukumbela
I-rubber ye-fluorine (i-FKM) kunye ne-rubber ye-perfluoroether (FFKM), njengabameli beerubha eziphezulu zokusebenza, banethemba elibanzi lokufaka isicelo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yokuchasana kweekhemikhali kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Nangona i-FFKM ibiza kakhulu, ukusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kwiindawo ezingqongileyo kukunika inzuzo engenakubuyiselwa kwezinye izicelo. Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bemizi-mveliso, imfuno yezinto zerabha ezisebenza ngokuphezulu iya kuhlala isanda, kwaye amathemba emarike e-FKM kunye ne-FFKM banzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-24-2025