Isiqinisekiso se-NSF: Ngaba sisiqinisekiso soKhuseleko lweZicoci zamanzi? Izitywina ezibalulekileyo nazo zibalulekile!

Intshayelelo: Xa ukhetha isixhobo sokucoca amanzi, uphawu oluthi “NSF Certified” luyindlela efanelekileyo yokuthembeka. Kodwa ngaba isixhobo sokucoca esiqinisekiswe yi-NSF siqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo? Ithetha ukuthini ngokwenene into ethi “NSF grade”? Ngaba ukhe wayicinga isayensi engasemva kwesi sitywino kunye nonxibelelwano lwaso olubalulekileyo nenxalenye ebonakala incinci kodwa ibalulekile ngaphakathi kwesinyibilikisi sakho—isitywini serabha? Eli nqaku liza kujonga kwiindima ezimbini ze-NSF, liphendula imibuzo ephambili, kwaye lityhila indlela izinto eziphambili ezisebenzisana ngayo ukukhusela amanzi akho.

1. I-NSF: Imisebenzi Emibini njengeSiseko seSayensi kunye noMgcini woKhuseleko

I-NSF iquka izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ezakha ukhuseleko lwenkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso:

1. Isiseko seSayensi yeSizwe (i-NSF):
   • I-arhente karhulumente yaseMelika eyasekwa ngo-1950 inenjongo ephambili yokuphucula inkqubela phambili kwezesayensi.
   • Ixhasa uphando olusisiseko (umz., uphando lwesithuba, i-genetics, isayensi yokusingqongileyo), ibonelela ngesiseko solwazi lwempilo yesizwe, impumelelo, impilo-ntle kunye nokhuseleko.
   • Uphando lwayo lukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kunye namashishini asebenza ngobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
2. I-NSF (eyayisakuba yi-NSF International):
   • Umbutho ozimeleyo, ongenzi nzuzo, nongengokarhulumente owasekwa ngo-1944, usebenza njengegunya lehlabathi kwimpilo yoluntu nokhuseleko.
   • Ishishini eliPhambili: Ukuphuhlisa imigangatho yemveliso, uvavanyo, kunye neenkonzo zokuqinisekisa eziquka amanzi, ukutya, isayensi yezempilo, kunye neempahla zabathengi.
   • Injongo: Ukunciphisa iingozi zempilo kunye nokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
   • Igunya: Lisebenza kumazwe angaphezu kwe-180, iZiko Elisebenzisanayo ne-World Health Organization (WHO) ngokukhuselekileyo kokutya, umgangatho wamanzi, kunye nokhuseleko lwezixhobo zonyango.
   • Uninzi lwemigangatho yayo yokunyanga amanzi okusela yamkelwa njengeMigangatho yeSizwe yaseMelika (iMigangatho ye-NSF/ANSI).

2. Isiqinisekiso se-NSF: Umlinganiselo wokusebenza nokhuseleko lokucoca amanzi

Njengoko inkxalabo yabathengi ngokhuseleko lwamanzi okusela ikhula, izixhobo zokucoca amanzi ziye zaba lukhetho oluphambili lokukhusela impilo yasekhaya. Inkqubo yesatifikethi se-NSF yindlela yesayensi yokuhlola ukuba isixhobo sokucoca amanzi siyayifezekisa na imfuno yaso yokucoca.

• Imigangatho Eqinileyo: I-NSF imisela imigangatho engqongqo yezinto zokucoca amanzi. Imizekelo ephambili ibandakanya:
  • I-NSF/ANSI 42: Ijongana nemiphumo yobuhle (incasa, ivumba, iinxalenye ezifana ne-chlorine).
  • I-NSF/ANSI 53: Igunyazisa iimfuno zokunciphisa izinto ezithile ezingcolisayo kwimpilo (umz., ilothe, izibulali-zinambuzane, ii-VOC, ii-THM, i-asbestos). Isiqinisekiso sithetha ukunciphisa okusebenzayo.
  • I-NSF/ANSI 401: Ijolise kwizinto ezingcolisayo ezivelayo/ezingalindelekanga (umz., amayeza athile, ii-metabolites zezibulala-zinambuzane).
  • I-NSF P231 (IiMicrobiological Water Purifiers): Ivavanya ngokukodwa iinkqubo zokunciphisa iintsholongwane (umz., iibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, ii-cysts).
  • I-NSF P535 (YeMarike yaseTshayina): Yenzelwe izixhobo zonyango lwamanzi okusela eTshayina. Igubungela ukhuseleko lwezinto, iimfuno zokusebenza ezisisiseko, kwaye iqinisekisa amabango okunciphisa izinto ezithile ezingcolisayo (umz., i-lead, i-mercury, i-PFOA/PFOS, i-BPA).
• Umbuzo Ophambili Ophenduliweyo: Lithetha ukuthini ibakala le-NSF?
  • Ingcaciso Ebalulekileyo: Isiqinisekiso se-NSF ASISIYO inkqubo "yokubeka amanqaku" (umz., iBanga A, B). Akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba "yiBanga le-NSF." Isiqinisekiso se-NSF sisiqinisekiso sokupasa/sokuhluleka ngokuchasene nemigangatho ethile.
  • Intsingiselo Engundoqo: Isicoci samanzi esifuna isiqinisekiso se-NSF sithetha ukuba siphumelele uvavanyo oluzimeleyo lwe-NSF kunye novavanyo lwemigangatho ethile okanye engaphezulu (umz., i-NSF/ANSI 53, i-NSF P231) esithi siyayifezekisa. Umgangatho ngamnye ujongana nezakhono ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa ungcoliseko okanye iimfuno zokhuseleko lwezinto.
  • Ingqwalasela yabathengi: Endaweni yokufuna “ibanga” elingekhoyo, abathengi kufuneka bagxile kwimigangatho ethile ye-NSF imveliso ephumeleleyo (ngokuqhelekileyo idweliswe kwiinkcukacha zemveliso okanye enokuqinisekiswa ngedathabheyisi ye-intanethi ye-NSF). Umzekelo, umcoci othi “uQinisekisiwe yi-NSF” usenokuba uphumelele i-NSF/ANSI 42 (uphuculo lobuhle), hayi i-NSF/ANSI 53 (ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lwempilo). Ukwazi iziqinisekiso ezithile kubalulekile.
• Ixabiso leMarike:
  • I-Consumer Trust: Iziqinisekiso ze-NSF ezithile ezibhalwe ngokucacileyo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezibonisa ukuba imveliso iye yavavanywa ngokuzimeleyo ngamandla ayo (ukunciphisa ungcoliseko, ukhuseleko lwezinto).
  • Inzuzo yophawu: Kubavelisi, ukufumana iziqinisekiso ze-NSF ezifuna umngeni (njenge-P231) bubungqina obunamandla bomgangatho wemveliso, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu udumo lophawu kunye nokukhuphisana.
  • Izifundo zeTyala:
    • I-Aqualuxe enemibala emininzi: Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-carbon block ecinezelweyo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ifezekisa ukunciphisa iintsholongwane nge-99.99%, ukunciphisa iintsholongwane nge-99.99%, kwaye inciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukungcola okungaphezulu kwe-100. Yinkqubo ekuphela kwayo emhlabeni eqinisekisiweyo kwi-NSF P231 (iiMicrobiological Purifiers). (Ibonisa ukudlula umgangatho ongqongqo we-microbial, hayi "umgangatho" ongacacanga.
    • IPhilips Water: Ii-20 zee-reverse osmosis water cleaners zayo ziphumelele ukufumana isiqinisekiso se-NSF P535, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinkampani yokuqala yasekhaya eTshayina ukwenza njalo, nto leyo eyaqinisa ubunkokeli bayo kwimarike. (Iimbalasane zihlangabezana nomgangatho opheleleyo owenzelwe iTshayina)

3. "Iqhawe Elingadunyiswanga" loMcoci waManzi: Indima ebalulekileyo yezitywini zerabha

Ngaphakathi koyilo oluntsonkothileyo lwesixhobo sokucoca, izitywini zerabha zincinci kodwa azibalulekanga. Isatifikethi se-NSF asivavanyi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwesihluzi; iimfuno zaso ezingqongqo "zokhuseleko lwezinto" zisebenza ngqo kwizinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nezitywini.

• Umsebenzi oPhambili: Ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo kwendlela yamanzi (iindawo zokuhluza, uqhagamshelo lwemibhobho), ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nongcoliseko oludibanisa amanzi anganyangwanga nala acociweyo. Zibalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokukhuselekileyo nangokusebenzayo.
• Iingozi zoMgangatho: Iiseal ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokubangela ukuvuza, ukungaphumeleli, okanye ukuvuza kwezinto eziyingozi. Oku kuphazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokucoca, kungcolisa amanzi acociweyo, konakalisa iyunithi, kubangele umonakalo kwimpahla (umz., ukugcwala komgangatho), kwaye kubeka emngciphekweni impilo. Nokuba kukho izihluzi ezisemgangathweni ophezulu eziqinisekisiweyo, ukungaphumeleli kweseal okanye ukungcola kunokonakalisa ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yonke kunye nokusebenza kwesatifikethi se-NSF.

4. Ukuqinisa uMgca Wokugqibela Wokuzikhusela:Izitywino zerabha ezisebenza kakuhle

Sigxile ekuboneleleni ngezisombululo zerabha zokutywina ezisebenza kakuhle kwishishini lokucoca amanzi, siqonda ukubaluleka kwazo okubalulekileyo ekuthembekeni kwenkqubo kunye nokugcina ukuqinisekiswa kwe-NSF kusebenza:

• Ukhuseleko lwezinto: Ukukhethwa ngokungqongqo kwezinto ezihambelana ne-NSF (umz., ukuhlangabezana ne-NSF/ANSI 61 yezixhobo zenkqubo yamanzi okusela), kuvavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kuphuma kwamanzi, ukufuduka, okanye ukungcola ngenxa yokudibana kwamanzi ixesha elide, ukukhusela ubunyulu bamanzi kunye nokufezekisa imiyalelo yokhuseleko lwezinto ze-NSF.
• Ukwenziwa KobuGcisa: Iindlela zokuvelisa eziphambili ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutywina ukuze kubekho uzinzo oluhlala ixesha elide kwiinkqubo zamanzi ezintsonkothileyo.
• I-QC Eqinileyo: Ulawulo lomgangatho olunemigangatho emininzi (oluhambelana neemfuno zovavanyo lwe-NSF) ukusuka kwizinto eziluhlaza ukuya kwiimpahla ezigqityiweyo luqinisekisa iimveliso ezithembekileyo nezihlala ixesha elide.
• Ukusebenza Okumangalisayo:
  • Ukumelana Okugqwesileyo Nokwaluphala: Igcina ukuthamba okugqwesileyo kunye nokutywina phantsi komswakama ohlala ixesha elide, amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo, kunye namanqanaba e-pH, yandisa ubomi bayo kwaye iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwexesha elide.
  • Ukuthembeka: Kunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuza, ukwehla kokusebenza, okanye ukulungiswa okubangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesitywini, okubonelela ngokusebenza okuhlala ixesha elide, okungenaxhala, nokukhuselekileyo.
• Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso: Ubuchule bokubonelela ngezisombululo zesitywina ezenzelwe wena ngokusekelwe kuyilo oluthile lwebhrendi/iimodeli zokucoca kunye neemfuno zesatifikethi se-NSF.

Isiphelo: Isiqinisekiso ≠ Ibanga elingacacanga, Iinxalenye ezichanekileyo ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo

Isatifikethi se-NSF sisiqinisekiso sesayensi sokuba isicoci samanzi sihlangabezana nemilinganiselo ethile yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza ngokuvavanya ngokungqongqo, sinika isikhokelo esicacileyo kubathengi. Khumbula, kuthetha ukudlula imigangatho ecacileyo, kungekhona "ibanga" elingacacanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukhuseleko lwexesha elide kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwesicoci kuxhomekeke ngokulinganayo ekugqweseni nasekuqineni kwezixhobo zangaphakathi ezingundoqo, njengezivalo zerabha. Xa zidibene, zenza uthotho olupheleleyo olukhusela amanzi okusela asekhaya. Ukukhetha isicoci esineziqinisekiso ze-NSF ezichazwe ngokucacileyo (umz., i-NSF/ANSI 53, i-NSF P231, i-NSF P535) kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wezixhobo zaso ezingundoqo (ingakumbi izivalo ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko) lukhetho olukrelekrele kubathengi abafuna amanzi okusela ahlala ixesha elide, athembekileyo, nasempilweni.