Njengoko "amehlo" eenkqubo eziphambili zokuncedisa umqhubi (ADAS) kunye neendawo zokuqhuba ezizimeleyo, iimodyuli zekhamera yeemoto zibalulekile kukhuseleko lwesithuthi. Ukuthembeka kwezi nkqubo zombono kuxhomekeke kakhulu kumandla azo okumelana neemeko eziqatha zokusingqongileyo. Amakhonkco okutywina, njengamacandelo abalulekileyo okukhusela, adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokubonelela ngokumelana nothuli, ukufuma, ukungcangcazela, kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Ukukhetha isitywina esichanekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthembekeni kwexesha elide. Esi sikhokelo sichaza iinkcukacha eziphambili-izinto eziphathekayo, ubukhulu, kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza-ukwazisa inkqubo yokukhetha izisombululo zokutywinwa kwekhamera yemoto.
1. IiNgcaciso zeMathiriyeli: ISiseko sokuSebenza ngokutywina
Ukhetho lwe-elastomer lumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuxhathisa kwetywina kubushushu, imichiza kunye nokuguga. Ezona zixhobo ziqhelekileyo zokutywinwa kweekhamera zemoto ziquka:
- I-Nitrile Rubber (NBR): Iyaziwa ngokuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kwi-oyile esekwe kwi-petroleum kunye namafutha, kunye nokuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-abrasion. I-NBR lukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwizicelo ezingaphakathi kwiikhompatimenti ze-injini okanye kwiindawo ezivezwe yinkungu yeoyile. Ubulukhuni obuqhelekileyo buqala kwi-60 ukuya kwi-90 Shore A.
- Irabha yeSilicone (VMQ): Ibonelela ngoluhlu olukhethekileyo lobushushu obusebenzayo (malunga -60°C ukuya +225°C) ngelixa ugcina ububhetyebhetye. Ukuchasana kwayo ne-ozone kunye nemozulu iyenza ibe yeyona nto ithandwayo yokutywinwa kwekhamera yangaphandle evezwe kwilanga elithe ngqo kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu obubanzi.
- I-Fluoroelastomer (FKM): Ibonelela ngokumelana okuphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga ku +200°C nangaphezulu), amafutha, ioyile, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lweekhemikhali ezinobundlobongela. I-FKM isoloko icaciswa kwizitywina ezikufutshane nezixhobo zoqeqesho lwamandla okanye kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye neekhemikhali ezinokuthi zibe sesichengeni sepakethi yebhetri yesithuthi sombane (EV). Ubulukhuni obuqhelekileyo buphakathi kwama-70 kunye nama-85 eNxweme A.
Ingcebiso yoKhetho: Indawo yokusebenza yeyona nto iphambili ekukhetheni izinto eziphathekayo. Qwalasela iimfuno eziqhubekayo kunye nencopho yobushushu, kunye nokuvezwa kumanzi, iiarhente zokucoca, okanye iityuwa zendlela.
2. IiParameters zoMda: Ukuqinisekisa ukuFina okuchanekileyo
Isitywina sisebenza kuphela xa silingana nendlu yekhamera ngokugqibeleleyo. Iiparamitha ezingundoqo ezinobungakanani kufuneka zihambelane ngobuchule kuyilo lwemodyuli:
- Ngaphakathi kweDiameter (ID): Kufuneka ihambelane ngokuchanekileyo nombhobho welensi okanye idiameter yegroove. Unyamezelo luhlala luqinile, rhoqo ngaphakathi kwe-±0.10 mm, ukuthintela izithuba ezinokubeka esichengeni itywina.
- I-Cross-Section (CS): Le idayamitha yentambo yetywina ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla oxinzelelo. Iziqendu eziqhelekileyo zivela kwi-1.0 mm ukuya kwi-3.0 mm kwiikhamera ezincinci. I-CS echanekileyo iqinisekisa ukunyanzeliswa okwaneleyo ngaphandle kokubangela uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo olunokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwangaphambi kwexesha.
- Uxinzelelo: Isitywina kufuneka siyilwe ukuba sicinezelwe ngepesenti ethile (ngokuqhelekileyo 15-30%) ngaphakathi kwedlala layo. Olu xinzelelo ludala uxinzelelo oluyimfuneko loqhagamshelwano lomqobo osebenzayo. Uxinzelelo oluphantsi lukhokelela ekuvuzeni, ngelixa ukucinezelwa ngokugqithisileyo kunokubangela i-extrusion, ukukhuhlana okuphezulu, kunye nokuguga okukhawulezileyo.
Kwiijometri zezindlu ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni, amatywina abunjwe ngokwesiko anoyilo lwemilebe ethile (umzekelo, i-U-cup, i-D-shaped, okanye iiprofayili ezintsonkothileyo) ziyafumaneka. Ukubonelela ababoneleli ngemizobo echanekileyo ye-2D okanye imodeli ye-3D CAD ibalulekile kwezi zicelo.
3. Ukusebenza kunye nokuThobela: iNtlanganiso yeMigangatho yoShishino lweziThuthi
Ukutywinwa kweemoto kufuneka kunyamezele uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kubomi besithuthi. Iimpawu eziphambili zokusebenza ziquka:
- Iqondo lokumelana nobushushu: Amatywina kufuneka amelane nokuhamba ngebhayisikile eshushu (umzekelo, -40°C ukuya +85°C okanye ngaphezulu kwizicelo eziphantsi kwe-hood) kumawaka emijikelo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka, ukuqina, okanye ukonakala okusisigxina.
- Ukhuseleko lokuNgena (Umlinganiselo we-IP): Amatywina abalulekile ekufezekiseni i-IP6K7 (uthuli-uqina) kunye ne-IP6K9K (uxinzelelo oluphezulu/ukucoca umphunga). Ukuntywiliselwa emanzini, i-IP67 (imitha eyi-1 ngemizuzu engama-30) kunye ne-IP68 (ubunzulu/ukuntywiliselwa okude) zizinto ekujoliswe kuzo eziqhelekileyo, ziqinisekiswa ngovavanyo olungqongqo.
- Ukuqina kunye neseti yoxinzelelo: Emva kokuba phantsi koxinzelelo lwexesha elide kunye noxinzelelo (olufaniswe luvavanyo olufana neeyure eziyi-1,000 kwiqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo), isitywina kufuneka sibonise iseti yoxinzelelo oluphantsi. Izinga lokubuyisela> 80% emva kovavanyo lubonisa ukuba izinto eziphathekayo ziya kugcina amandla ayo okutywinwa ngexesha.
- Ukumelana nokuSingqongileyo: Ukumelana ne-ozone (ASTM D1149), imitha ye-UV, kunye nokufuma kusemgangathweni. Ukuhambelana ne-automotive fluids (i-brake fluid, i-coolant, njl.) nayo iqinisekisiwe.
- Iziqinisekiso zeMoto: Abavelisi abasebenza phantsi kwe-IATF 16949 inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho babonisa ukuzibophelela kwiinkqubo ezingqongqo ezifunekayo kubonelelo lweemoto.
Isiphelo: Indlela eCwangcisiweyo yokuKhetha
Ukukhetha umsesane wokutywina ofanelekileyo sisigqibo sobuchule esilinganisa iimfuno zesicelo, imingeni yokusingqongileyo, kunye neendleko. Phambi kokuba ugqibezele ukhetho, chaza ngokucacileyo udidi lobushushu obusebenzayo, ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali, imiqobo yendawo, kunye neziqinisekiso zoshishino ezifunekayo.
Ngelixa icandelo elincinci, ikhonkco lokutywinwa ligalelo elisisiseko kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo zombono zemoto zanamhlanje. Indlela yokulinganisa inkcazo iqinisekisa ukuba la "mehlo" esithuthi ahlala ecacile kwaye ethembekileyo, i-mile emva kweekhilomitha. Ukubambisana nomboneleli oqeqeshiweyo obonelela ngolwazi oluqinileyo lwezobugcisa kunye nenkxaso yokuqinisekisa ngundoqo kwisiphumo esiyimpumelelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-25-2025