Zaɓi Mai Muhimmanci a Aikin Solenoid Valve: Jagora don Zaɓin Kayan Hatimi

Gabatarwa

A cikin sarrafa kansa na masana'antu, bawuloli na solenoid suna aiki a matsayin muhimman abubuwan da ke sarrafa kwararar ruwa a aikace-aikace tun daga masana'antu da sarrafa sinadarai zuwa makamashi da kiwon lafiya. Duk da cewa ƙirar bawul da ingancin lantarki galibi suna samun kulawa mai mahimmanci, zaɓin kayan rufewa ya kasance babban abu a cikin aiki na dogon lokaci. Hatimin yana hana zubewar ciki da waje, yana kiyaye amincin matsin lamba, kuma yana tsayayya da lalacewa daga kafofin watsa labarai, zafin jiki, da zagayowar aiki. Rashin fahimtar dacewarsu da yanayin aiki na iya haifar da gazawa da wuri, haɗarin aminci, da kuma lokacin hutu mai tsada wanda ba a tsara ba. Wannan labarin ya bincika polymers guda uku da ake amfani da su sosai -NBR, FKM, da EPDM—kuma yana samar da tsarin da aka tsara don daidaita kaddarorin kayan da buƙatun aikace-aikace.

1. Matsayin Hatimi a cikin Amincin Bawul ɗin Solenoid

Hatimin da ke cikin bawuloli na solenoid suna yin ayyuka masu mahimmanci da yawa:

Hana Zubar da Jini: Ta hanyar ƙirƙirar shinge masu tsauri tsakanin sassan motsi da jikin bawuloli, hatimin yana tabbatar da babu ɓuya a aikace-aikacen da ba su canzawa da na masu ƙarfi.

Juriyar Sinadarai: Dole ne su jure wa tasirin da ba shi da ƙarfi, gami da mai, acid, sinadarai masu narkewa, ko tururi, ba tare da kumburi, fashewa, ko lalata su ba.

Daidaita Zafin Jiki: Hatimin yana riƙe da sassauci a duk faɗin yanayin zafi, daga yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi zuwa yanayin tururi mai zafi.

Dorewa ta Inji: Suna jure wa matsi da gogayya akai-akai daga kunna bawul, suna tsayayya da lalacewa da fitarwa a kan miliyoyin zagayowar.

Zaɓin abu mara kyau na iya haifar da taurarewar hatimi, fitar da ruwa, ko tsatsa ta sinadarai—dalilan da suka fi haifar da gazawar bawul.

2. Kayan Rufe Maɓalli: Halaye da Aikace-aikace

2.1 NBR (Robar Nitrile Butadiene)

Babban Ƙarfi: Kyakkyawan juriya ga mai, mai, da mai da aka yi da ma'adinai, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mafita mai araha ga tsarin hydraulic da na huhu. Hakanan yana ba da kyakkyawan juriya ga gogewa da ƙarfi.

Iyakoki: Mai rauni ga iskar ozone, hasken UV, da kuma abubuwan da ke cikin ketone/ester; yanayin zafin aiki ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da na polymers na zamani.

Yanayin Zafi: -30°C zuwa +100°C (na ɗan gajeren lokaci).

Ya dace da: Tsarin iska mai matsewa, layukan mai na injin, sarrafa man shafawa, da kuma na'urorin hydraulic na masana'antu ta amfani da man ma'adinai.

2.2 FKM (Fluorocarbon Roba)

Ƙarfin Jiki: Kyakkyawan juriya ga yanayin zafi mai yawa, sinadarai, da iskar shaka. Hatimin FKM suna aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin yanayi mai tsauri, gami da acid, mai na roba, da hydrocarbons masu ƙamshi.

Iyakoki: Farashi mai yawa; ƙarancin sassauci a ƙananan yanayin zafi; bai dace da ketones, esters, da ammonia ba.

Yanayin Zafin Jiki: -20°C zuwa +200°C (ƙololuwar ɗan gajeren lokaci har zuwa 230°C).

Ya dace da: Sarrafa sinadarai, kayan aikin magunguna, layukan tururi masu zafi, da tsarin turbo na motoci.

2.3 EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)

Ƙarfin Jiki: Yana da juriya sosai ga ruwan zafi, tururi, ozone, da kuma iskar shaka. Hakanan yana jure wa ruwan phosphate ester (misali, Skydrol) da kuma acid/alkalis mai narkewa.

Iyakoki: Bai dace da amfani da man ma'adinai ko mai ba; fallasa yana haifar da kumburi da gazawar sauri.

Yanayin Zafi: -40°C zuwa +150°C (na ɗan gajeren lokaci).

Ya dace da: Tsarin maganin ruwa, da'irori masu sanyaya, sarrafa abinci da abin sha, da kuma na'urorin sarrafa ruwa na jiragen sama ta amfani da phosphate esters.

3. Binciken Kwatanta: Zaɓar Kayan da Ya Dace

Teburin da ke ƙasa ya taƙaita muhimman halayen aiki:

4. Tsarin Zaɓin Tsari

Mataki na 1: Bayyana Ma'aunin Ruwa

Ruwa, tururi, ko barasa: EPDM yawanci yana da kyau saboda yanayin hydro-strength.

Mai, mai, ko hydrocarbons: NBR ko FKM sun dace, inda FKM ya fi dacewa da yanayin zafi mai yawa ko ruwan roba.

Kayayyakin da ke da ƙarfi a sinadarai: Tabbatar da daidaito ta amfani da jadawalin juriyar sinadarai; FKM sau da yawa yana ba da juriya mafi faɗi.

Mataki na 2: Kimanta Zafin Jiki da Matsi

Muhalli mai yawan zafin jiki​ (>150°C): Ana buƙatar FKM ko polymers na musamman (misali, FFKM) don guje wa tsufa cikin sauri.

Aikace-aikacen Cryogenic: Kayan da aka yi da EPDM ko PTFE suna kiyaye sassauci a ƙananan yanayin zafi.

Matsin lamba: Tabbatar da ƙarfin injina na hatimin da ƙirar hana fitar da iska sun dace da matsin lamba na tsarin.

Mataki na 3: Kimanta Takamaiman Tsawon Rayuwa da Kuɗi

Tsarin aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci: NBR yana ba da daidaiton aiki da tattalin arziki.

Amfani mai dorewa, mai wahala, ko kuma mai mahimmanci ga aminci: Zuba jari a FKM don rage lokacin aiki da aminci mafi girma.

5. Matsalolin da Aka Fi Sani da Sakamako

Amfani da NBR tare da tururi ko ozone: Yana haifar da tauri, fashewa, da zubewa cikin makonni.

Yin amfani da EPDM a cikin bututun mai: Yana haifar da kumburin hatimi cikin sauri, kamawar bawul, da kuma gazawar tsarin.

Zaɓar FKM don iskar gas mai ƙarancin zafi: Yana iya haifar da karyewar ƙarfe a ƙasa da -20°C ba tare da ƙarancin zafi ba.

6. Abubuwan da ke Faruwa a Nan Gaba a Fasahar Hatimi

Haɗaɗɗun Aiki Masu Kyau: Elastomers masu cike da PTFE suna ƙara juriya ga sinadarai da zafin jiki yayin da suke rage gogayya.

Hatimin Wayo: Na'urori masu auna sigina da aka haɗa suna lura da lalacewa, matsin lamba, da zafin jiki, wanda ke ba da damar yin hasashen yanayi.

Kayayyaki Masu Dorewa: Sinadaran polymers masu tushen halittu da kuma mahadi masu sake yin amfani da su suna samun karbuwa ga masana'antu masu kula da muhalli.

Kammalawa

Zaɓin kayan rufewa ba tsari ne mai girma ɗaya ba, amma tsari ne na daidaita halayen kayan aiki tare da buƙatun aiki. Duk da cewa NBR ta yi fice a tsarin mai, FKM tana jure wa sinadarai masu ƙarfi da yanayin zafi mai yawa, kuma EPDM ba ta misaltuwa a aikace-aikacen ruwa da tururi. Fahimtar waɗannan bambance-bambancen - da kuma amfani da bayanan fasaha daga masu samar da kayayyaki - yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin bawul, yana rage farashin zagayowar rayuwa, kuma yana rage haɗarin aiki.

Wannan labarin don dalilai na bayanai ne. Koyaushe duba takaddun bayanai na fasaha kuma gudanar da gwaje-gwajen jituwa don takamaiman aikace-aikace.

Nassoshi

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Ybzhan – Zaɓin Kayan Bawul ɗin Ruwa Mai Lalacewa (2022)

ROTEX - Yanayin Zafin Hatimi (2023)

FESTO – Sharuɗɗan Zaɓin Kayan Hatimi (2022)